privind cur\u0103\u0163enia \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia \u00een unit\u0103\u0163ile sanitare<\/p>\n
Publicat in Monitorul Oficial, Partea I nr. 194bis din 26\/03\/2003<\/i><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.<\/b> CUR\u0102\u0162ENIA<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.1.<\/b> DEFINI\u0162IE<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> CUR\u0102\u0162ENIA este metoda de decontaminare care asigur\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rtarea microorganismelor de pe suprafe\u0163e, obiecte sau tegumente, odat\u0103 cu \u00eendep\u0103rtarea prafului \u015fi a substan\u0163elor organice.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aplicarea corect\u0103 a metodelor de cur\u0103\u0163enie a suprafe\u0163elor, obiectelor \u015fi echipamentelor poate realiza o decontaminare de 95-98%, foarte apropiat\u0103 de cea ob\u0163inut\u0103 prin dezinfec\u0163ie. Prin activitatea de cur\u0103\u0163enie se ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 asupra tuturor microorganismelor. Nu \u00eenlocuie\u015fte dezinfec\u0163ia.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.<\/b> METODE GENERALE DE EFECTUARE A CUR\u0102\u0162ENIEI.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sp\u0103larea, \u015ftergerea, aspirarea, perierea.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.1.<\/b> Prin sp\u0103lare sunt \u00eendep\u0103rtate, prin udare, concomitent cu procedurile mecanice, pulberile \u015fi substan\u0163ele organice. Puterea de sp\u0103lare depinde de capacitatea de udare. Sp\u0103larea se realizeaz\u0103 prin folosirea de ap\u0103 cald\u0103 \u015fi substan\u0163e tensioactive. Apa cald\u0103, la 35-45\u00b0C, are o putere de sp\u0103lare, superioar\u0103 apei reci, deoarece are o putere mai mare de emulsionare \u015fi dizolvare. \u00cenmuierea cu ap\u0103 fierbinte (peste 55\u00b0C) are dezavantajul coagul\u0103rii proteinelor, pe care le face aderente de suportul tratat. \u00cen func\u0163ie de suportul de tratat, la apa cald\u0103 se adaug\u0103 1-2% carbonat de sodiu, s\u0103pun sau detergen\u0163i anionici sau produse etichetate \u015fi avizate\/autorizate de Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi Familiei ca detergent dezinfectant sau produs pentru cur\u0103\u0163are \u015fi decontaminare.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Condi\u0163ii de eficacitate:<\/p>\n
– utilizarea apei calde cu calit\u0103\u0163i chimice corespunz\u0103toare (apa cu duritate mic\u0103 are efect de sp\u0103lare optim) \u015fi cu putere de udare mare, prin adaosul unor cantit\u0103\u0163i optime de agen\u0163i tensioactivi;<\/p>\n
– asocierea sp\u0103l\u0103rii cu metode mecanice: agitare, periere, frecare;<\/p>\n
– respectarea timpilor de \u00eenmuiere \u015fi de sp\u0103lare (\u00een func\u0163ie de puterea de sp\u0103lare a apei, de mijloacele mecanice utilizate \u015fi de obiectul supus sp\u0103l\u0103rii); sp\u0103larea trebuie urmat\u0103 de cl\u0103tire abundent\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sp\u0103larea poate fi simpl\u0103 (ex.: \u00een igiena individual\u0103, sp\u0103larea m\u00e2inilor, cur\u0103\u0163enia pavimentelor \u015fi a mobilierului) sau asociat\u0103 cu un ciclu de dezinfec\u0163ie prin c\u0103ldur\u0103 umed\u0103 (ex.: utiliz\u00e2nd ma\u015fini de sp\u0103lat pentru lenjerie, vesel\u0103, sau cu program inclus de sp\u0103lare \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ie, etc.) \u015fi se completeaz\u0103 cu o dezinfec\u0163ie chimic\u0103 cu produse etichetate \u015fi avizate\/autorizate ca dezinfectant pentru suprafe\u0163e \u00een ariile cu poten\u0163ial de risc infec\u0163ios (ex.: suprafe\u0163e \u00een blocuri operatorii, blocuri de na\u015ftere, preg\u0103tirea tratamentelor, suprafe\u0163e de lucru \u00een laboratoare, etc.).<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.2.<\/b> Prin \u015ftergerea umed\u0103 a suprafe\u0163elor (ex.: lambriuri, mobilier) se realizeaz\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rtarea microorganismelor. Se practic\u0103 pentru \u00eentre\u0163inerea cur\u0103\u0163eniei \u00een intervalele dintre sp\u0103l\u0103ri.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Condi\u0163ii de eficacitate: utilizarea de lavete (\u015fterg\u0103toare) curate; umezirea lor cu solu\u0163ii proaspete de produse etichetate \u015fi avizate\/autorizate de Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi Familiei ca detergent, detergent dezinfectant; schimbarea frecvent\u0103 a lavetelor \u015fi a apei de \u015ftergere. La sf\u00e2r\u015fitul opera\u0163iunii se efectueaz\u0103 decontaminarea lavetelor utilizate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.3.<\/b> Aspirarea. Cur\u0103\u0163enia prin aspirare este recomandabil\u0103 numai cu aspiratoare cu proces umed, a c\u0103ror construc\u0163ie permite cur\u0103\u0163area \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia lor \u015fi men\u0163inerea uscat\u0103 dup\u0103 utilizare.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.4.<\/b> Metode combinate. Pentru cur\u0103\u0163enia pavimentelor \u015fi a mochetelor (este recomandat\u0103 limitarea utiliz\u0103rii lor \u00een spa\u0163iile unit\u0103\u0163ilor sanitare) pot fi utilizate aparate care realizeaz\u0103 sp\u0103larea \u015fi aspirarea umed\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.5.<\/b> Alte metode de cur\u0103\u0163enie, \u00een anumite cazuri se pot utiliza m\u0103turatul sau periatul umed, metode care au eficacitate redus\u0103. Nu se recomand\u0103 m\u0103turatul uscat, sau scuturatul, \u00een \u00eenc\u0103peri, locuri circulate sau aglomerate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.2.6.<\/b> Cur\u0103\u0163enia \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia \u00een \u00eenc\u0103peri trebuie \u00eentotdeauna asociate cu aerisirea.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cur\u0103\u0163enia se practic\u0103 \u00een mod obi\u015fnuit ca metod\u0103 de decontaminare profilactic\u0103; \u00een bolile infec\u0163ioase cu transmitere aerian\u0103 (ex.: rubeol\u0103, rujeol\u0103, varicel\u0103 etc.) aerisirea este singura metod\u0103 de decontaminare necesar\u0103 \u00een focar.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.3.<\/b> PRODUSE UTILIZATE \u00ceN PROCESUL DE EFECTUARE A CUR\u0102\u0162ENIEI<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cur\u0103\u0163enia se realizeaz\u0103 cu produse etichetate de produc\u0103tor ca fiind:<\/p>\n
\u2022 produse destinate cur\u0103\u0163eniei sau<\/p>\n
\u2022 produse detergent – dezinfectante<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.3.1.<\/b> S\u0102PUNURI<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103pun tare: \u00eentre\u0163inerea suprafe\u0163elor cu ceramic\u0103, ulei, o\u0163el inoxidabil.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103pun moale (s\u0103pun negru): cur\u0103\u0163are grosier\u0103 (ex.: paviment mozaicat, gresie).<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.3.2.<\/b> DETERGEN\u0162I<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Detergen\u0163i neutri sau detergen\u0163i lichizi universali pentru: mobilier, paviment, vesel\u0103 \u015fi sp\u0103larea manual\u0103 a textilelor.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Detergen\u0163i alcalini sau „decapan\u0163i”. \u00cen func\u0163ie de dilu\u0163ie: sp\u0103larea zilnic\u0103 a pavimentelor sau\/\u015fi decaparea pavimentului placat (\u00eentre\u0163inere de fond), \u00eenainte de aplicarea unui nou tratament.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Detergen\u0163i acizi sau „detartran\u0163i”: cur\u0103\u0163area materialelor cu depuneri de piatr\u0103: ceramic\u0103, pavimente placate cu materiale care suport\u0103 acizi, sticl\u0103rie de laborator, bazine, bazinete, urinare.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dac\u0103 produsul este avizat pentru sectorul alimentar, se spal\u0103 vesel\u0103 \u015fi ustensile de buc\u0103t\u0103rie.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Detartran\u0163i „tampona\u0163i” utiliza\u0163i pentru: robinete, baterii, chiuvete inox, alte articole inox.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Detergen\u0163i-dezinfectan\u0163i sau detergen\u0163ii cationici sunt produse a c\u0103ror proprietate principal\u0103 este cea de cur\u0103\u0163are \u015fi secundar dezinfectant\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.3.3.<\/b> ABRAZIVE<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cur\u0103\u0163area punctual\u0103 a suprafe\u0163elor dure, obiectelor sanitare, pavimentelor, cu precau\u0163ie pentru suprafe\u0163ele emailate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.3.4.<\/b> PRODUSE PENTRU LUSTRUIT<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Detergen\u0163i lustruitori sau „de ceruire”: sp\u0103larea pavimentelor<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.4.<\/b> REGULI FUNDAMENTALE \u00ceN UTILIZAREA PRODUSELOR FOLOSITE \u00ceN ACTIVITATEA DE CUR\u0102\u0162ENIE<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.4.1.<\/b> Reguli:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Folosirea doar a produselor avizate\/autorizate de Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii\/Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi Familiei pentru utilizare \u00een sectorul sanitar.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Respectarea tuturor recomand\u0103rilor produc\u0103torului.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Respectarea regulilor de protec\u0163ie a muncii (purtarea m\u0103nu\u015filor, ochelarilor de protec\u0163ie, echipamentelor impermeabile, etc.).<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Etichetarea \u015fi \u00eenchiderea ermetic\u0103 a recipientelor. Eticheta trebuie s\u0103 con\u0163in\u0103: numele produsului, familia c\u0103reia \u00eei apar\u0163ine, termenul de valabilitate, dilu\u0163ia de lucru, data la care s-a f\u0103cut dilu\u0163ia, perioada de utilizare a produsului diluat men\u0163inut \u00een condi\u0163ii adecvate (cu specificare pentru ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 „condi\u0163ii adecvate”).<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NU este permis amestecul produselor! Exist\u0103 riscul unor reac\u0163ii chimice periculoase pentru cel care le manipuleaz\u0103, precum \u015fi riscul de inactivare \u015fi incompatibilitate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NU este permis\u0103 utilizarea ambalajelor alimentare pentru produsele de \u00eentre\u0163inere a cur\u0103\u0163eniei!<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Distribuirea produselor la locul de utilizare (pe sec\u0163ii\/compartimente) \u00een ambalajul original.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Asigurarea rota\u0163iei stocurilor, pentru \u00eenscrierea \u00een temenele de valabilitate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NU este permis\u0103 aruncarea ambalajelor goale, dec\u00e2t dup\u0103 ce au fost cur\u0103\u0163ate sau\/\u015fi neutralizate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.4.2.<\/b> Responsabili:<\/p>\n
– Medicul \u015fef de sec\u0163ie\/cabinet, asistenta \u015fef\u0103\/asistenta de cabinet, care:<\/p>\n
–\u00a0stabilesc,\u00a0\u00eempreun\u0103\u00a0cu\u00a0speciali\u015fti\u00a0\u00een\u00a0igien\u0103\u00a0spitaliceasc\u0103,\u00a0medici
\nepidemiologi,\u00a0asisten\u0163i\u00a0de\u00a0igien\u0103\u00a0(SPCIN),\u00a0m\u0103surile\u00a0pentru\u00a0realizarea
\nexigen\u0163elor\u00a0de\u00a0igien\u0103\u00a0recomandate\u00a0pentru\u00a0spa\u0163ii.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u02d9
\n–\u00a0realizeaz\u0103\u00a0protocolul\u00a0de\u00a0igien\u0103\u00a0al\u00a0sec\u0163iei\/compartimentului\/cabinetului
\n\u015fi\u00a0protocolul\u00a0de\u00a0utilizare\u00a0a\u00a0produselor\u00a0de\u00a0\u00eentre\u0163inere\u00a0folosite.
\n–\u00a0formez\u0103\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0instruiesc\u00a0personalul\u00a0de\u00a0execu\u0163ie\u00a0cu\u00a0privire\u00a0la\u00a0aceste
\nexigen\u0163e\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0protocoale.<\/p>\n
– Personalul efector, dup\u0103 instruire prealabil\u0103, consemnat\u0103 \u00een documente.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n
1.5.<\/b> REGULI PENTRU DEPOZITAREA PRODUSELOR \u015eI A USTENSILELOR FOLOSITE LA EFECTUAREA CUR\u0102\u0162ENIEI<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.5.1.<\/b> a) \u00cen unitatea sanitar\u0103, la nivel central, trebuie s\u0103 existe spa\u0163ii special destinate depozit\u0103rii produselor \u015fi ustensilelor folosite \u00een procesul de efectuare a cur\u0103\u0163eniei, aflate \u00een stoc. Spa\u0163iile trebuie s\u0103 asigure men\u0163inerea calit\u0103\u0163ii ini\u0163iale a produselor, p\u00e2n\u0103 la utilizare.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0b)<\/b> Condi\u0163ii pe care trebuie s\u0103 le \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 spa\u0163iile de depozitare:<\/p>\n
– pavimentul \u015fi pere\u0163ii trebuie s\u0103 fie impermeabili \u015fi u\u015for de cur\u0103\u0163at;<\/p>\n
– zona de depozitare trebuie s\u0103 permit\u0103 aranjarea \u00een ordine a materialelor de cur\u0103\u0163enie \u015fi accesul u\u015for la acestea;<\/p>\n
– aerisirea: natural\u0103;<\/p>\n
– iluminatul corespunz\u0103tor (natural + artificial);<\/p>\n
– gradul de umiditate optim p\u0103str\u0103rii calit\u0103\u0163ilor<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.5.2.<\/b> a) \u00cen fiecare sec\u0163ie\/compartiment, trebuie s\u0103 existe \u00eenc\u0103peri special destinate depozit\u0103rii produselor \u015fi ustensilelor utilizate pentru efectuarea cur\u0103\u0163eniei, aflate \u00een rulaj \u015fi preg\u0103tirii activit\u0103\u0163ii propriu-zise.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0b)<\/b> Condi\u0163ii pe care trebuie s\u0103 le \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103perile de depozitare de pe sec\u0163ii – compartimente:<\/p>\n
– pavimentul \u015fi pere\u0163ii trebuie s\u0103 fie impermeabili \u015fi u\u015for de cur\u0103\u0163at;<\/p>\n
– aerisirea natural\u0103;<\/p>\n
– iluminatul corespunz\u0103tor (natural + artificial);<\/p>\n
– gradul de umiditate optim p\u0103str\u0103rii calit\u0103\u0163ilor;<\/p>\n
– locul de organizare a activit\u0103\u0163ii, sursa de ap\u0103 \u015fi suprafa\u0163a zonei de depozitare trebuie s\u0103 permit\u0103 aranjarea \u00een ordine a materialelor de \u00eentre\u0163inere \u015fi accesul u\u015for la acestea; chiuvet\u0103 cu ap\u0103 potabil\u0103 rece \u015fi cald\u0103, s\u0103pun, prosop, etc., pentru igiena personalului care efectueaz\u0103 cur\u0103\u0163enia;<\/p>\n
– chiuvet\u0103 (bazin) cu ap\u0103 potabil\u0103, pentru dezinfec\u0163ia \u015fi sp\u0103larea ustensilelor folosite pentru efectuarea cur\u0103\u0163eniei (lavete, tor\u015foane, mopuri, perii, \u015f.a.). Dezinfec\u0163ia, sp\u0103larea \u015fi uscarea materialului moale folosit la cur\u0103\u0163enie se pot face utiliz\u00e2nd ma\u015fini de sp\u0103lat \u015fi usc\u0103toare;<\/p>\n
– suport usc\u0103tor pentru m\u0103nu\u015file de menaj, mopuri, perii, \u015f.a.;<\/p>\n
– pubel\u0103 \u015fi saci colectori (de unic\u0103 folosin\u0163\u0103) pentru de\u015feuri.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.6.<\/b> REGULI DE \u00ceNTRE\u0162INERE A USTENSILELOR FOLOSITE PENTRU EFECTUAREA CUR\u0102\u0162ENIEI<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.6.1.<\/b> Zilnic, dup\u0103 fiecare opera\u0163iune de cur\u0103\u0163enie \u015fi la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul zilei de lucru, ustensilele utilizate se spal\u0103, se cur\u0103\u0163\u0103 (decontamineaz\u0103), dezinfecteaz\u0103 \u015fi usuc\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cur\u0103\u0163area \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia ustensilelor complexe (perii deta\u015fabile, m\u00e2nerul periilor, aspirator, \u015f.a) se efectueaz\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de recomand\u0103rile produc\u0103torului.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.6.2.<\/b> Personalul care execut\u0103 opera\u0163iunile de cur\u0103\u0163are \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ie a materialului de cur\u0103\u0163enie va purta m\u0103nu\u015fi de menaj sau m\u0103nu\u015fi de latex nesterile.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.6.3.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia materialului de cur\u0103\u0163enie utilizat \u00een:<\/p>\n
– spa\u0163iile f\u0103r\u0103 risc se face cel pu\u0163in o dat\u0103 pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103,<\/p>\n
– sec\u0163iile\/compartimentele cu risc crescut se face de rutin\u0103, la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul activit\u0103\u0163ii (dup\u0103 fiecare utilizare).<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a02.<\/b> DEZINFEC\u0162IA<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.1<\/b> DEFINI\u0162IE<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia este procesul prin care sunt distruse cele mai multe, sau toate microorganismele patogene (\u00een propor\u0163ie de 99,99%) cu excep\u0163ia sporilor bacterieni, de pe obiectele din mediul inert.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia se aplic\u0103 \u00een cazurile \u00een care cur\u0103\u0163enia nu elimin\u0103 riscurile de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndire a infec\u0163iei, iar sterilizarea nu este necesar\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen orice activitate de dezinfec\u0163ie trebuie s\u0103 se aplice m\u0103surile de protec\u0163ie a muncii pentru a preveni accidentele \u015fi intoxica\u0163iile.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.<\/b> DEZINFEC\u0162IA PRIN MIJLOACE FIZICE<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.1.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia prin c\u0103ldur\u0103<\/p>\n
– C\u0103ldura uscat\u0103: flambarea \u015fi incinerarea.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.1.1.<\/b> Flambarea este utilizat\u0103 \u00een laborator; flambarea instrumentelor medico-chirurgicale \u00een recipiente cu alcool este interzis\u0103 – fiind ineficace!<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.1.2.<\/b> Incinerarea se utilizeaz\u0103 pentru obiecte contaminate, f\u0103r\u0103 valoare \u015fi pentru de\u015feuri cu poten\u0163ial contaminant, septice, de la s\u0103li de opera\u0163ie \u015fi s\u0103li de tratamente, pentru piese anatomice rezultate din interven\u0163ii chirurgicale, pentru cadavrele animalelor de laborator.<\/p>\n
– C\u0103ldura umed\u0103: pasteurizare \u015fi fierbere<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.1.3.<\/b> Pasteurizarea: este o metod\u0103 de dezinfec\u0163ie a lichidelor, la temperaturi cuprinse \u00eentre 55-95\u00b0C. Dup\u0103 expunere, de durat\u0103 variabil\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de rezisten\u0163a germenilor, sunt distruse 90-95% din microorganismele patogene.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.1.4.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia prin sp\u0103lare la temperatura de 60-95\u00b0C (dezinfec\u0163ie termic\u0103) este un proces complex la care, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 ac\u0163iunea c\u0103ldurii umede, se adaug\u0103 \u015fi ac\u0163iunea detergen\u0163ilor sau a altor substan\u0163e, c\u00e2t \u015fi ac\u0163iunea mecanic\u0103 de sp\u0103lare. Acest procedeu se folose\u015fte la sp\u0103larea \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia lenjeriei, veselei, sticl\u0103riei de laborator, instrumentarului.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.1.5.<\/b> Fierberea \u00een ap\u0103 la temperatura de 100\u00b0C sau utilizarea aburului de 100\u00b0C realizeaz\u0103 distrugerea \u00een decurs de 10-20 minute a formelor vegetative ale microorganismelor patogene, precum \u015fi a unor forme sporulate mai pu\u0163in rezistente la temperaturi ridicate.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fierberea alimentelor este una din metodele curente de prevenire a bolilor transmisibile cu poart\u0103 de intrare digestiv\u0103. \u00cen anumite cazuri, pentru prevenirea acestor boli, apa de b\u0103ut se consum\u0103 fiart\u0103, r\u0103cit\u0103 \u015fi aerat\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen absen\u0163a ma\u015finilor de sp\u0103lat cu ciclu de dezinfec\u0163ie prin c\u0103ldur\u0103, fierberea este indicat\u0103 pentru dezinfec\u0163ia lenjeriei, tac\u00e2murilor \u015fi veselei care suport\u0103 temperatura de fierbere.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fierberea la temperaturi \u00eentre 100-110\u00b0C se poate ob\u0163ine prin adaosul unor substan\u0163e care ridic\u0103 punctul de fierbere (ex. adaosul de carbonat de sodiu, pentru fierberea lenjeriei).<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia prin c\u0103ldur\u0103 umed\u0103, cu fierul de c\u0103lcat, completeaz\u0103 decontaminarea lenjeriei, distrugerea formelor vegetative a bacteriilor, \u00een 5-10 secunde \u015fi a sporilor, \u00een 50 secunde.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Metoda este aplicabil\u0103 pentru \u0163es\u0103turile care suport\u0103 acest tratament \u015fi este eficace dac\u0103 \u0163es\u0103tura tratat\u0103 este umezit\u0103 uniform.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.2.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia cu raze ultraviolete<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Indica\u0163ii: dezinfec\u0163ia suprafe\u0163elor netede \u015fi aerului \u00een boxe de laborator, s\u0103li de opera\u0163ii, alte spa\u0163ii \u00eenchise, pentru completarea m\u0103surilor de cur\u0103\u0163enie \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ie chimic\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Condi\u0163ii de eficacitate:<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.2.1.<\/b> Condi\u0163ii generale: utilizarea doar a l\u0103mpilor destinate dezinfec\u0163iei; l\u0103mpile destinate dezinfec\u0163iei pot fi fixe sau mobile, cu tuburi de UV \u00eentre 15 \u015fi 30 W, prev\u0103zute s\u0103 func\u0163ioneze \u00een absen\u0163a omului (cu radia\u0163ie direct\u0103) sau \u00een prezen\u0163a omului (cu radia\u0163ie indirect\u0103, ecranat\u0103 \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 emisie de ozon).<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Tuburile de raze ultraviolete trebuie s\u0103 fie permeabile selectiv pentru radia\u0163ia cu putere bactericid\u0103 maxim\u0103 (radia\u0163ia de 2537 Angstromi), s\u0103 aib\u0103 o durat\u0103 de func\u0163ionare de minimum 7500 ore \u015fi o putere bactericid\u0103 corespunz\u0103toare (\u00eentre 8 \u015fi 13,5 W pentru tubul de 30 W). Tubul de ultraviolete trebuie s\u0103 fie perfect curat \u00eenainte de utilizare.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Alte condi\u0163ii generale: spa\u0163iul \u00een care se efectueaz\u0103 dezinfec\u0163ia cu radia\u0163ii ultraviolete trebuie supus \u00een prealabil unei cur\u0103\u0163enii minu\u0163ioase: a tuturor suprafe\u0163elor, iar temperatura mediului trebuie s\u0103 fie \u00eentre 15 \u015fi 30\u00b0C \u015fi umiditatea de maximum 60%.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.2.2.<\/b> Condi\u0163ii speciale, pentru dezinfec\u0163ia suprafe\u0163elor:<\/p>\n
– se utilizeaz\u0103 aparate cu radia\u0163ie direct\u0103;<\/p>\n
– dezinfec\u0163ia se efectueaz\u0103 \u00een absen\u0163a omului;<\/p>\n
– durata de expunere se calculeaz\u0103 \u0163in\u00e2nd seama de gradientul energetic al radia\u0163iei bactericide dat de distan\u0163a dintre surs\u0103 \u015fi suprafa\u0163a tratat\u0103 \u015fi de cantitatea de energie necesar\u0103 pentru distrugerea \u00een propor\u0163ie de 99,90-99,99% a germenului test tratat. Se define\u015fte ca doz\u0103 letal\u0103, cantitatea de energie necesar\u0103 (uW\/cm2<\/sup>)<\/a> pentru distrugerea unui microorganism test \u00een propor\u0163ie de 90%. Pentru a considera eficace dezinfec\u0163ia, se administreaz\u0103 3-4 doze letale pe suprafa\u0163a tratat\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.2.2.3.<\/b> Condi\u0163ii pentru dezinfec\u0163ia aerului cu R.U.V. Se utilizeaz\u0103 numai tipuri de aparate autorizate de Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii\/Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi Familiei.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Num\u0103rul l\u0103mpilor necesare pentru dezinfec\u0163ia aerului \u00eentr-un spa\u0163iu \u00eenchis se calculeaz\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de debitul de aer dezinfectat de fiecare aparat, volumul \u00eenc\u0103perii \u015fi viteza de schimb a aerului din \u00eenc\u0103pere.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nu este admis\u0103 expunerea direct\u0103 a persoanelor la radia\u0163ia l\u0103mpilor de dezinfec\u0163ie cu raze UV; \u00een cazul \u00een care operatorul aparatului este \u00een situa\u0163ia de a fi expus la radia\u0163ia direct\u0103, el va purta echipament de protec\u0163ie (ochelari de sticl\u0103, masc\u0103 ce acoper\u0103 complet capul – cu fant\u0103 pentru vedere – \u015fi m\u0103nu\u015fi de cauciuc).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Utilizarea aparaturii bazat\u0103 pe radia\u0163ii ultraviolete comport\u0103 folosirea de l\u0103mpi speciale, care au aceast\u0103 destina\u0163ie \u015fi necesit\u0103 efectuarea calculelor privind num\u0103rul aparatelor, stabilirea condi\u0163iilor de realizare \u015fi a duratei de expunere. Ignorarea condi\u0163iilor necesare creeaz\u0103 riscul nerealiz\u0103rii dezinfec\u0163iei \u015fi poate induce producerea de accidente.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Achizi\u0163ionarea aparatelor de dezinfec\u0163ie cu raze ultraviolete trebuie s\u0103 fie \u00eenso\u0163it\u0103 de documenta\u0163ia tehnic\u0103 referitoare la toate datele privind caracteristicile \u015fi modul de utilizare a aparatelor, pentru a asigura o ac\u0163iune eficace \u015fi lipsit\u0103 de nocivitate. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen unit\u0103\u0163ile medicale dezinfec\u0163ia se realizeaz\u0103, \u00een principal, prin utilizarea unor substan\u0163e dezinfectante chimice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Etichetarea acestor produse trebuie s\u0103 fie \u00een conformitate cu legisla\u0163ia \u00een vigoare \u015fi s\u0103 con\u0163in\u0103 \u00een mod obligatoriu concentra\u0163iile de utilizare \u015fi timpii de ac\u0163iune aferen\u0163i pentru ob\u0163inerea fiec\u0103rei „ac\u0163iuni cide” \u00een parte.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Un produs etichetat ca detergent dezinfectant nu este similar cu un produs etichetat ca dezinfectant. Detergen\u0163ii-dezinfectan\u0163i, \u00een concentra\u0163iile de utilizare recomandate de produc\u0103tor, sunt produse a c\u0103ror principal\u0103 ac\u0163iune este cea de cur\u0103\u0163are. Dezinfec\u0163ia se realizeaz\u0103 cu produse etichetate ca dezinfect\u00e2nd.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru un dezinfectant este important\u0103 \u015fi cunoa\u015fterea ac\u0163iunii virulicide – \u00eempotriva virusurilor transmise prin s\u00e2nge \u015fi produse de s\u00e2nge.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.1.<\/b> Clasificarea dezinfec\u0163iei (adaptat\u0103 dup\u0103 CDC).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aceast\u0103 clasificare se bazeaz\u0103 pe tipul de microorganisme patogene distruse \u015fi are \u00een vedere timpul de contact necesar substan\u0163elor dezinfectante pentru a distruge microorganismele.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dup\u0103 aceste criterii, dezinfec\u0163iei se clasific\u0103 pe patru nivele:<\/p>\n – Sterilizare chimic\u0103<\/p>\n – Dezinfec\u0163ie de nivel \u00eenalt<\/p>\n – Dezinfec\u0163ie de nivel intermediar<\/p>\n – Dezinfec\u0163ie de nivel sc\u0103zut<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.1.1.<\/b> STERILIZARE CHIMIC\u0102<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Realizeaz\u0103 distrugerea tuturor microorganismelor \u015fi a unui num\u0103r mare de spori bacterieni.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Timpul de contact necesar al substan\u0163ei chimice cu substratul tratat este de c\u00e2teva ore.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este obligatorie respectarea recomand\u0103rilor produc\u0103torului referitoare la timpul de contact \u015fi condi\u0163iile de realizare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Substan\u0163ele chimice care realizeaz\u0103 sterilizarea chimic\u0103 sunt:<\/p>\n – Glutaraldehida (2%)<\/p>\n – Peroxid de hidrogen stabilizat (6%)<\/p>\n – Acidul peracetic (diferite concentra\u0163ii)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.1.2.<\/b> DEZINFEC\u0162IA DE NIVEL \u00ceNALT<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Realizeaz\u0103 distrugerea tuturor microorganismelor, cu excep\u0163ia unui num\u0103r mare de spori bacterieni.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Timpul de contact necesar al substan\u0163ei chimice cu substratul tratat trebuie s\u0103 fie de cel pu\u0163in 20 minute.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este obligatorie respectarea recomand\u0103rilor produc\u0103torului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Substan\u0163ele chimice \u015fi mijloacele prin care se poate realiza dezinfec\u0163ia de nivel \u00eenalt sunt:<\/p>\n – Glutaraldehida (2%)<\/p>\n – Peroxidul de hidrogen stabilizat (6%)<\/p>\n – Acidul peracetic (diferite concentra\u0163ii)<\/p>\n – Hipocloritul de sodiu (5,25%)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se poate realiza cu produse etichetate de produc\u0103tor \u015fi avizate\/autorizate ca dezinfectante (care con\u0163in \u015fi alte clase de substan\u0163e chimice sau combina\u0163ii ale acestora) la concentra\u0163ia de utilizare la care sunt distruse toate microorganismele cu excep\u0163ia unui num\u0103r mare de spori bacterieni.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.1.3.<\/b> DEZINFEC\u0162IA DE NIVEL INTERMEDIAR (MEDIU)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Realizeaz\u0103 distrugerea Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacteriilor \u00een form\u0103 vegetativ\u0103, a celor mai multe virusuri \u015fi fungi, dar nu \u015fi a sporilor bacterieni.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Timpul de contact necesar al substan\u0163ei chimice cu substratul tratat este de 10 minute.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Substan\u0163ele chimice care realizeaz\u0103 dezinfec\u0163ia de nivel intermediar sunt:<\/p>\n – Fenoli<\/p>\n – Iodofori<\/p>\n – Alcooli<\/p>\n – Compu\u015fi pe baz\u0103 de clor<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se poate efectua cu produse etichetate de produc\u0103tor \u015fi avizate ca dezinfectante (care con\u0163in \u015fi alte clase de substan\u0163e chimice sau combina\u0163ii ale acestora) la concentra\u0163ia de utilizare la care se realizeaz\u0103 distrugerea Mycobacterium tuberculosis, bacteriilor \u00een forma vegetativ\u0103, celor mai multe virusuri \u015fi fungi, dar nu distrugerea sporilor bacterieni.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.1.4.<\/b> DEZINFEC\u0162IA DE NIVEL SC\u0102ZUT<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Poate distruge cele mai multe bacterii \u00een forma vegetativ\u0103, unele virusuri, unii fungi, dar NU distruge microorganisme rezistente, cum sunt Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sau sporii bacterieni. Timpul de contact necesar al substan\u0163ei chimice cu substratul tratat este de sub 10 minute. Substan\u0163ele chimice care realizeaz\u0103 dezinfec\u0163ia de nivel sc\u0103zut sunt:<\/p>\n – Dezinfectante care con\u0163in fenoli, iodofori, substan\u0163e cuaternare de amoniu \u015fi agen\u0163i de spumare;<\/p>\n – Alcooli (70\u00b0C, 90\u00b0C);<\/p>\n – Hipoclorit de sodiu (5,25%)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se poate efectua cu produse etichetate de produc\u0103tor \u015fi avizate\/autorizate de Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi Familiei ca dezinfectante (care con\u0163in \u015fi alte clase de substan\u0163e chimice sau combina\u0163ii ale acestora) la concentra\u0163ia de utilizare la care se realizeaz\u0103 distrugerea celor mai multe bacterii \u00een forma vegetativ\u0103, a unor virusuri, a unor fungi, dar NU distrugerea microorganismelor rezistente, cum sunt Mycobacterium tuberculosis sau sporii bacterieni.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.<\/b> CLASE CHIMICE DE SUBSTAN\u0162E DEZINFECTANTE \u015eI DEZINFEC\u0162IA CHIMIC\u0102<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.1.<\/b> FENOLII<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolii \u015fi metil – fenolii se g\u0103sesc \u00een cantitate mare \u00een gudroanele c\u0103rbunilor de p\u0103m\u00e2nt, din care se separ\u0103 prin distilare, sau se pot ob\u0163ine prin sintez\u0103. Fenolilor li se pot ad\u0103uga frac\u0163iuni clorinate \u015fi reziduuri de petrol, rezult\u00e2nd deriva\u0163ii fenolici.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolul \u015fi deriva\u0163ii fenolici (fenoli)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolul a fost prima substan\u0163\u0103 \u00eentrebuin\u0163at\u0103 \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie. Actualmente nu se mai utilizeaz\u0103 ca atare, ci sub forma de deriva\u0163i fenolici, care au propriet\u0103\u0163i antibacteriene superioare fenolului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen compara\u0163ie cu alte substan\u0163e dezinfectante, fenolii sunt mai ieftini \u015fi stabili \u00een solu\u0163ie. Pentru a le cre\u015fte solubilitatea \u00een ap\u0103 se aditiveaz\u0103 cu un detergent sau un s\u0103pun compatibil.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sunt corozivi pentru materialele din aluminiu, cupru, zinc.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolii au ac\u0163iune bactericid\u0103, inclusiv pentru Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungicid\u0103 \u015fi tuberculicid\u0103; nu au ac\u0163iune sporicid\u0103. Prezen\u0163a materialului organic nu influen\u0163eaz\u0103 activitatea biocid\u0103. Deoarece au activitate virulicid\u0103 slab\u0103 sau nul\u0103, \u015ftiut fiind c\u0103 pentru un dezinfectant este important\u0103 prezen\u0163a activit\u0103\u0163ii virulicide (\u00eendeosebi \u00eempotriva virusurilor transmise prin s\u00e2nge: virusurile hepatitice B, C, virusul imuno-deficien\u0163ei umane – HIV, etc.), dezinfectantele pe baz\u0103 de fenol au o utilizare din ce \u00een ce mai limitat\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Folosirea fenolilor este limitat\u0103 doar pentru dezinfec\u0163ia mediului (suprafe\u0163e, aer).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NU este recomandat\u0103 utilizarea lor pentru dezinfec\u0163ia instrumentarului, datorit\u0103 corozivit\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi nici utilizarea ca antiseptice, datorit\u0103 toxicit\u0103\u0163ii. Se folosesc, uneori, pentru dezinfec\u0163ia instrumentarului utilizat \u00een anatomia patologic\u0103 \u015fi a echipamentelor contaminate cu bacilul tuberculozei, c\u00e2nd nu se poate folosi decontaminarea prin c\u0103ldur\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NU este recomandat\u0103 utilizarea fenolilor \u00een ariile de preparare a m\u00e2nc\u0103rii, \u00een ariile de cazare a bolnavilor, pentru dezinfec\u0163ia echipamentelor care vin \u00een contact cu mucoasele, precum \u015fi \u00een sec\u0163iile de pediatrie \u015fi nou-n\u0103scu\u0163i.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea fenolului<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolul este un toxic protoplasmatic, care p\u0103trunde \u00een interiorul celulei, prin solubilizarea lipidelor. Ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 asupra sistemului nervos central produc\u00e2nd hipotermie \u015fi paralizia centrului vasomotor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este un iritant puternic pentru piele. Local, fenolul exercit\u0103 o ac\u0163iune caustic\u0103 asupra pielii provoc\u00e2nd leziuni grave, albicioase, dureroase. Gravitatea leziunilor este \u00een func\u0163ie de concentra\u0163ia solu\u0163iei, timpul de contact \u015fi dimensiunea zonei de expunere. Solu\u0163iile diluate provoac\u0103 dermatite severe, mai ales la contact repetat.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este un iritant puternic pentru ochi. P\u0103trunderea accidental\u0103 \u00een ochi a fenolului, sau a solu\u0163iilor concentrate, provoac\u0103 o irita\u0163ie sever\u0103, care poate duce la distrugerea corneei.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalarea sub form\u0103 de vapori, \u00een doze cronice, duce la iritarea c\u0103ilor respiratorii \u015fi determin\u0103 scleroza vaselor sanguine. Valoarea limit\u0103 de expunere \u00een aerul ambiental este 5 ppm sau 19 mg\/m.c.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestia:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen caz de ingestie, produce efecte caustice asupra tubului digestiv, tulbur\u0103ri neurologice, cardiovasculare, hepatice, renale.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Doza letal\u0103 pentru om este de 10 g fenol.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolul are simbolul de toxicitate „T” – toxic, otr\u0103vitor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R24\/25 – toxic la contactul cu pielea \u015fi prin ingestie;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R34 – provoac\u0103 arsuri.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S2 – a nu se l\u0103sa la \u00eendem\u00e2na copiilor;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S28 – la contactul cu pielea se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S36\/37\/39 – \u00een timpul lucrului este obligatoriu portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie: m\u0103nu\u015fi, ochelari \u015fi masc\u0103 de protec\u0163ie a fe\u0163ei \u015fi a c\u0103ilor respiratorii;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S44 – \u00een caz de indispozi\u0163ie, este necesar sfatul medicului (a se ar\u0103ta eticheta, dac\u0103 este posibil).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea fenolilor (deriva\u0163ilor fenolici)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Efectele toxice ale deriva\u0163ilor fenolici sunt similare cu ale fenolului, ac\u0163ion\u00e2nd asupra sistemului nervos central. Pot fi absorbi\u0163i de piele, mucoasele c\u0103ilor respiratorii \u015fi tubului digestiv, dar rata de penetrare este \u00een func\u0163ie de suprafa\u0163a expus\u0103 \u015fi de concentra\u0163ie. Solu\u0163iile concentrate sunt local corozive pentru piele \u015fi mucoase, iar solu\u0163iile diluate provoac\u0103 ro\u015fea\u0163\u0103 \u015fi ulcera\u0163ii ale pielii. Sensibilitatea pielii poate surveni la om la concentra\u0163ii mai mici de 0,1%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Fenolii au simbolul de toxicitate „Xn” – moderat toxic, nociv.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R20\/21\/22 – v\u0103t\u0103m\u0103tor pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate prin inspirare, \u00eenghi\u0163ire \u015fi contact cu pielea.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S28 – la contactul cu pielea se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S36\/37\/39 – \u00een timpul lucrului este obligatoriu portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie: m\u0103nu\u015fi, ochelari \u015fi masc\u0103 de protec\u0163ie a fe\u0163ei \u015fi a c\u0103ilor respiratorii;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.<\/b> HALOGENII: COMPU\u015eI CARE ELIBEREAZ\u0102 CLOR, BROM SAU IOD<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.1<\/b> Substan\u0163e chimice care elibereaz\u0103 clor:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se utilizeaz\u0103 pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103, ca agen\u0163i eliberatori de clor, \u00een special: dicloroizocianuratul de sodiu (NaDCC) \u015fi hipoclori\u0163ii, fiind de preferat altor compu\u015fi eliberatori de clor, cum ar fi: cloraminele B \u015fi T \u015fi varul cloros.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aceste dezinfectante, care ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 prin eliberarea clorului, sunt ieftine \u015fi eficiente, nu sunt toxice la concentra\u0163ii mici \u015fi au un spectru larg de utilizare, at\u00e2t \u00een mediul spitalicesc, c\u00e2t \u015fi pentru uz gospod\u0103resc. Sunt folosite pentru:<\/p>\n – tratarea apei,<\/p>\n – cur\u0103\u0163area biberoanelor,<\/p>\n – dezinfec\u0163ia zonelor de preparare a m\u00e2nc\u0103rii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Agen\u0163ii care elibereaz\u0103 clor nu sunt compatibili cu unii detergen\u0163i; din aceast\u0103 cauz\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 se aib\u0103 \u00een vedere compatibilitatea detergentului utilizat la cur\u0103\u0163enie, \u00eenainte de aplicarea solu\u0163iilor clorigene, suprafe\u0163ele trebuie cl\u0103tite pentru a se \u00eendep\u0103rta urmele de detergent.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nu trebuie amesteca\u0163i cu acizi – inclusiv fluide acide ale organismului, (ex.: urin\u0103), deoarece clorul eliberat poate fi periculos, mai ales \u00een spa\u0163iu \u00eenchis. Solu\u0163iile pot fi stabilizate cu substan\u0163e alcaline sau clorur\u0103 de sodiu.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.1.1.<\/b> Dicloroizocianuratul de sodiu<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfectantele pe baz\u0103 de NaDCC sub form\u0103 de tablete, pulbere, granule; prezint\u0103 siguran\u0163\u0103 \u015fi u\u015furin\u0163\u0103 \u00een preparare, chiar \u015fi pentru persoanele neexperimentate. Sunt stabile pe perioada stoc\u0103rii \u015fi sunt mai eficiente \u015fi mai pu\u0163in corozive dec\u00e2t solu\u0163iile de hipoclorit. Prezint\u0103 avantajul c\u0103 se pot folosi pentru dezinfec\u0163ia instrumentarului din metal inoxidabil.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Solu\u0163iile sunt instabile, de aceea, \u00een practic\u0103 se recomand\u0103 utilizarea solu\u0163iilor imediat dup\u0103 preparare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Costul pentru solu\u0163iile \u00een concentra\u0163ie mic\u0103 este comparabil cu cel pentru solu\u0163iile de hipoclorit, dar folosirea tabletelor de NaDCC pentru prepararea de solu\u0163ii \u00een concentra\u0163ii mari este costisitoare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dicloroizocianuratul de sodiu sub form\u0103 de pulbere sau granule poate fi aplicat direct pe s\u00e2ngele v\u0103rsat\/\u00eempr\u0103\u015ftiat \u00een cantit\u0103\u0163i mici pe suprafe\u0163e, fiind o alternativ\u0103 convenabil\u0103 \u015fi eficient\u0103 fa\u0163\u0103 de solu\u0163ii. Nu se recomand\u0103 utilizarea NaDCC \u00een situa\u0163iile \u00een care se vars\u0103 accidental o cantitate mai mare de s\u00e2nge (>30 ml), deoarece se poate produce o clorinare excesiv\u0103, cu degajarea ionilor de clor, toxici pentru c\u0103ile respiratorii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfectantele pe baz\u0103 de NaDCC au activitate: bactericid\u0103, fungicid\u0103, viralicid\u0103 \u015fi tuberculicid\u0103 \u015fi sunt recomandate \u00een special \u00een cazurile \u00een care exist\u0103 riscul unor contamin\u0103ri virale.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sunt rapid inactivate de c\u0103tre materia organic\u0103 (ex. puroi, murd\u0103rie, s\u00e2nge, etc.), de aceea concentra\u0163iile de utilizare \u015fi timpii de ac\u0163iune recomanda\u0163i sunt \u00een func\u0163ie de gradul de \u00eenc\u0103rcare cu substan\u0163\u0103 organic\u0103 \u015fi de gradul de contaminare a suportului tratat. Se recomand\u0103 folosirea lor \u00een special dup\u0103 o cur\u0103\u0163ire prealabil\u0103.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Tabel 1. Concentra\u0163iile \u00een clor activ ale NaDCC recomandate pentru mediul sanitar, \u00een func\u0163ie de gradul de \u00eenc\u0103rcare cu materie organic\u0103<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NOT\u0102:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se vor respecta recomand\u0103rile produc\u0103torului privind concentra\u0163ia de utilizare \u015fi timpul de ac\u0163iune, modul de preparare al solu\u0163iilor de lucru, pentru a atinge o anumit\u0103 concentra\u0163ie \u00een clor activ eficient\u0103 (ppm).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru profilaxia infec\u0163iilor nosocomiale, \u00een sec\u0163ii cu risc crescut de infec\u0163ie, \u00een epidemii, se recomand\u0103 utilizarea solu\u0163iilor la concentra\u0163ii mai mari de clor activ; \u00een aceste situa\u0163ii, se ia \u00een considerare cantitatea de NaDCC con\u0163inut\u0103 \u015fi clorul activ \u00een grame eliberat\/tablet\u0103, efectu\u00e2ndu-se calculele necesare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea NaDCC<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dicloroizocianuratul de sodiu este un oxidant puternic, nu este combustibil, dar m\u0103re\u015fte combustia altor substan\u0163e, reac\u0163ion\u00e2nd violent cu acestea \u015fi favoriz\u00e2nd producerea focului \u015fi a exploziei. Substan\u0163a se descompune la c\u0103ldur\u0103, iar \u00een contact cu apa, provoac\u0103 vapori toxici de monoxid de carbon \u015fi emisie de clor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este iritant pentru piele. Provoac\u0103 ro\u015fea\u0163\u0103, durere, arsuri severe. La contact prelungit apar dermatite.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este iritant pentru ochi. Provoac\u0103 ro\u015fcat\u0103, durere, arsuri severe.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este iritant pentru tractul respirator. Inhalarea pulberii provoac\u0103: tuse, mole\u015feal\u0103, dureri de cap, grea\u0163\u0103, vom\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Consecin\u0163ele impactului cu aceast\u0103 substan\u0163\u0103 nu apar imediat, ci \u00een timp \u015fi sunt agravate de efortul fizic.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> NaDCC are simbolul de toxicitate „Xn” – toxiciate moderat\u0103, nociv \u015fi „O” – oxidant.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R36\/37 – irit\u0103 ochii \u015fi c\u0103ile respiratorii;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R22 – este coroziv, \u00een caz de ingestie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S20\/21 – \u00een timpul manipul\u0103rii produsului sunt interzise: consumul de alimente \u015fi b\u0103uturi, precum \u015fi fumatul;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S26 – dup\u0103 contactul cu ochii, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S28 – dup\u0103 contactul cu pielea se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S36\/37\/39 – \u00een timpul lucrului este obligatoriu portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie: m\u0103nu\u015fi, ochelari \u015fi masc\u0103 de protec\u0163ie a fe\u0163ei \u015fi a c\u0103ilor respiratorii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.1.2.<\/b> Hipoclori\u0163ii<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Hipoclori\u0163ii sunt cei mai vechi dintre compu\u015fii cu con\u0163inut de clor activ utiliza\u0163i \u00een domeniul dezinfec\u0163iei chimice. Au propriet\u0103\u0163i dezodorizante, nu sunt substan\u0163e otr\u0103vitoare pentru om, chiar \u00een concentra\u0163ii ridicate, sunt colora\u0163i, dar nu p\u0103teaz\u0103 \u015fi sunt u\u015for de manipulat.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se comercializeaz\u0103 sub form\u0103 de solu\u0163ii, dintre care, cel mai mult se utilizeaz\u0103 hipocloritul de sodiu, sub denumirea de Extract de Javel \u015fi Ap\u0103 de Javel.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Diferen\u0163a \u00eentre Extractul de Javel \u015fi Apa de Javel const\u0103 \u00een cantitatea de clor activ eliberat\u0103; astfel, Extractul de Javel este solu\u0163ia de hipoclorit care se comercializeaz\u0103 nediluat\u0103 \u015fi con\u0163ine aproximativ 12% clor activ, iar din aceasta se prepar\u0103 Apa de Javel, care poate con\u0163ine clor activ \u00een concentra\u0163ii diverse, \u00een func\u0163ie de utilizare<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Extractul \u015fi Apa de Javel se descompun lent la temperatura ambiant\u0103, descompunerea fiind accelerat\u0103 de lumin\u0103, c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u015fi de prezen\u0163a metalelor, cum ar fi: cuprul, nichelul \u015fi aliajele lor. \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte stocarea lor, trebuie s\u0103 se \u0163in\u0103 cont de incompatibilitatea hipocloritului cu aceste metale, solu\u0163iile concentrate fiind corozive.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Apa de Javel \u00een dilu\u0163ii diferite este mult mai stabil\u0103 dec\u00e2t Extractul de Javel.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Hipoclori\u0163ii au un spectru larg de ac\u0163iune biocid\u0103, prezent\u00e2nd activitate bactericid\u0103, fungicid\u0103, virulicid\u0103 \u015fi tuberculicid\u0103. Ac\u0163iunea biocid\u0103 a hipoclori\u0163ilor este influen\u0163at\u0103 de pH-ul solu\u0163iilor, aceasta fiind optim\u0103 la valori acide (pH acid); prezint\u0103 dezavantajul c\u0103 solu\u0163iile sunt instabile la acest pH. Prezen\u0163a materialului organic diminueaz\u0103 activitatea biocid\u0103 a hipoclori\u0163ilor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Hipocloritul de sodiu: con\u0163ine 12,5% clor activ (150 g Cl\/l)<\/p>\n – solu\u0163ia 4% con\u0163ine 0,5% clor activ<\/p>\n – solu\u0163ia 10% con\u0163ine 1,25% clor activ<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Concentra\u0163ii recomandate:<\/p>\n \u2022 Suprafe\u0163e (pere\u0163i, pavimente): solu\u0163ie 4%<\/p>\n \u2022 Lenjerie, echipament de protec\u0163ie: solu\u0163ie 2%<\/p>\n \u2022 Vesel\u0103: solu\u0163ie 0,5%-1%<\/p>\n \u2022 Sticl\u0103rie de laborator folosit\u0103: solu\u0163ie 10%<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea hipocloritului de sodiu<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Hipoclori\u0163ii nu sunt produse periculoase \u00een condi\u0163iile manipul\u0103rii corecte. Studiile experimentale au demonstrat c\u0103 solu\u0163iile au o causticitate descresc\u00e2nd\u0103, \u00een func\u0163ie de concentra\u0163ie. Pot provoca leziuni superficiale ale pielii, p\u00e2n\u0103 la arsuri, \u00een func\u0163ie de concentra\u0163ie. Nu provoac\u0103 reac\u0163ii alergice de contact. Tot \u00een func\u0163ie de concentra\u0163ia solu\u0163iilor pot produce conjunctivite sau leziuni cu risc de opacifiere. Ingestia accidental\u0103 este grav\u0103 \u00een cazul solu\u0163iilor concentrate, datorit\u0103 ac\u0163iunii caustice asupra mucoaselor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Hipoclori\u0163ii au simbolul de toxicitate: „Xi” – iritant, la concentra\u0163ii de 5% \u015fi simbolul „C” – coroziv, la concentra\u0163ii de 10%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R31 – la contactul cu bazele degaj\u0103 gaze otr\u0103vitoare;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R34 – provoac\u0103 arsuri.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S28.1 – la contactul cu pielea, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.1.3.<\/b> Cloraminele<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cele mai cunoscute cloramine folosite \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie sunt cloraminele organice, cum ar fi: cloramina B \u015fi cloramina T. Se prezint\u0103 sub form\u0103 de pulberi albe cristaline, sau sub form\u0103 de comprimate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Comparativ cu hipoclori\u0163ii, acestea sunt substan\u0163e mai stabile la c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u015fi lumin\u0103 (se descompun lent), dau solu\u0163ii mai pu\u0163in alcaline, sunt mai pu\u0163in corozive \u015fi nu reac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 rapid cu materia organic\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ac\u0163iunea germicid\u0103 este influen\u0163at\u0103 de pH-ul, concentra\u0163ia \u015fi temperatura solu\u0163iilor. \u00cen solu\u0163ii neutre sau acide cloraminele au ac\u0163iune puternic germicid\u0103, iar \u00een solu\u0163ii alcaline puterea bactericid\u0103 este redus\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cloraminele prezint\u0103 activitate bactericid\u0103 (cu spectru larg de ac\u0163iune fa\u0163\u0103 de flora Gram negativ\u0103 \u015fi Gram pozitiv\u0103, iar \u00een concentra\u0163ii crescute distrug Mycobacterium tuberculosis), fungicid\u0103, virulicid\u0103. Efectul biocid se instaleaz\u0103 \u00eencet, dar este de durat\u0103, deoarece eliberarea clorului se produce lent. Efectul biocid se produce la concentra\u0163ii foarte mici, dar \u00een practic\u0103 se utilizeaz\u0103 solu\u0163ii concentrate, deoarece prezen\u0163a materiei organice le reduce activitatea biocid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Utilizarea lor \u00een practic\u0103 este limitat\u0103 \u00een prezent.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cloramina B: con\u0163ine 25-29% clor activ<\/p>\n – solu\u0163ia 0,5 g% con\u0163ine 0,125 g% clor activ<\/p>\n – solu\u0163ia 1 g% con\u0163ine 0,25 g% clor activ<\/p>\n – solu\u0163ia 2 g% con\u0163ine 0,5 g% clor activ<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Concentra\u0163ii recomandate:<\/p>\n \u2022 Suprafe\u0163e (pere\u0163i, pavimente): solu\u0163ie 2 g%<\/p>\n \u2022 Lenjerie, echipamente de protec\u0163ie: solu\u0163ie 1-1,5 g%<\/p>\n \u2022 Obiecte (sticl\u0103, por\u0163elan, plastic, juc\u0103rii, termometre): sol. 1%<\/p>\n \u2022 Vesel\u0103: solu\u0163ie 0,5 g% – 1 g%<\/p>\n \u2022 Sticl\u0103rie de laborator folosit\u0103: solu\u0163ie 2 g%<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea Cloraminelor<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cloraminele se prezint\u0103 sub form\u0103 de pulberi, de culoare alb\u0103, cu miros de clor \u015fi gust amar. Se descompun lent la aer \u015fi lumin\u0103. Prin combustie formeaz\u0103 gaze toxice \u015fi iritante. Pot fi absorbite de organism prin inhalare sau ingestie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Efectele expunerii pe termen lung: la contact prelungit pot cauza sensibilizarea pielii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Efectele expunerii pe termen scurt: irit\u0103 ochii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Efectul expunerii pe termen scurt: irit\u0103 tractul respirator. Inhalarea vaporilor poate cauza reac\u0163ii de tip astmatiform. Aten\u0163ie! Persoanele cu afec\u0163iuni astmatice nu trebuie s\u0103 vin\u0103 \u00een contact cu cloraminele.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cloraminele au simbolul de toxicitate: „Xi” – iritant.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R36\/37\/38 – irit\u0103 ochii, c\u0103ile respiratorii \u015fi pielea;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S7 – substan\u0163a trebuie \u0163inut\u0103 la \u00eentuneric \u015fi \u00eenchis\u0103 ermetic;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S15 – substan\u0163a trebuie protejat\u0103 de c\u0103ldur\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S26 – dup\u0103 contactul cu ochii, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S36\/37\/39 – \u00een timpul lucrului este obligatoriu portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie: m\u0103nu\u015fi, ochelari \u015fi masc\u0103 de protec\u0163ie a fe\u0163ei \u015fi a c\u0103ilor respiratorii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.2.<\/b> Iodul \u015fi iodoforii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.2.1.<\/b> Iodul<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dintre numeroasele substan\u0163e antiseptice \u015fi dezinfectante, iodul a fost \u015fi continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie utilizat datorit\u0103 eficacit\u0103\u0163ii, economicit\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi toxicit\u0103\u0163ii relativ reduse.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ac\u0163iunea germicid\u0103 se explic\u0103 prin puterea oxidant\u0103 \u015fi de combinare a iodului liber, urmat\u0103 de distrugerea proteinelor celulare enzimatice \u015fi structurale. Este caracteristic pentru iod spectrul larg de ac\u0163iune bactericid\u0103 \u015fi virulicid\u0103. Activitatea nu este selectiv\u0103, efectul se instaleaz\u0103 rapid.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Iodul se utilizeaz\u0103 sub forma de solu\u0163ii apoase, hidroalcoolice sau iodofori. Dintre acestea men\u0163ion\u0103m: Lugolul – solu\u0163ie apoas\u0103 de iod, tinctura de iod – solu\u0163ie hidroalcoolic\u0103 de iod. Sub aceste forme, iodul este folosit ca antiseptic al pielii \u015fi ca dezinfectant al unor instrumente medicale, mai ales din sticl\u0103 (termometre orale \u015fi rectale), iar \u00een cazuri de urgen\u0163\u0103, chiar al instrumentelor din metal. Utilizarea solu\u0163iei hidroalcoolice (tinctura) ca antiseptic al pl\u0103gilor prezint\u0103 unele dezavantaje: evaporarea rapid\u0103 a solventului las\u0103 un reziduu de iod \u015fi iodur\u0103 de potasiu, care sunt caustice pentru piele \u015fi nu permite realizarea timpului de contact necesar. Deoarece alcoolul etilic denatureaz\u0103 proteinele, se folose\u015fte ca solvent propilenglicolul, care este superior alcoolului etilic.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Solu\u0163iile apoase sau hidroalcoolice de iod nu permit valorificarea maxim\u0103 a deosebitei sale ac\u0163iuni germicide. P\u0103tarea, mirosul, corozivitatea determinat\u0103 de activitatea chimic\u0103 a moleculei de iod, sunt principalele dezavantaje care au \u00eempiedicat utilizarea acestor solu\u0163ii \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie \u015fi au limitat domeniul de aplica\u0163ie numai la antisepsia pielii. Pentru dezinfec\u0163ie s-a pus problema solubiliz\u0103rii iodului \u00een ap\u0103, printr-un procedeu care s\u0103 anuleze efectele amintite, p\u0103str\u00e2nd \u00eentreaga sa putere germicid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.2.2.2.<\/b> Iodoforii<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pornindu-se de la observa\u0163ia general\u0103 c\u0103 modificatorii de tensiune superficial\u0103 au proprietatea de a m\u0103ri solubilitatea \u00een ap\u0103 a unor substan\u0163e insolubile, prin studii comparative s-a ajuns la constatarea c\u0103 cei mai buni solubilizan\u0163i ai iodului sunt tensioactivii neionici din clasa polietilenglicolilor. Aceste substan\u0163e pot solubiliza iodul p\u00e2n\u0103 la 27%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Solu\u0163iile de iod tensioactiv neionic au fost denumite „iodofori”, definind prin aceasta rolul de purt\u0103tor al iodului (phoros) pe care \u00eel \u00eendepline\u015fte substan\u0163a tensioactiv\u0103. Iodoforii nu au miros \u015fi nu p\u0103teaz\u0103. Sunt practic f\u0103r\u0103 toxicitate \u015fi neiritan\u0163i. Activitatea germicid\u0103 este mai ridicat\u0103 dec\u00e2t a solu\u0163iilor apoase sau alcoolice de iod – ioduri. Aceasta se explic\u0103 prin faptul c\u0103 puterea de p\u0103trundere a iodului sub form\u0103 de iodofor este mult mai mare, datorit\u0103 substan\u0163ei modificatoare de tensiune superficial\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Iodoforii au activitate bactericid\u0103, virulicid\u0103 \u015fi micobactericid\u0103; activitatea sporicid\u0103 este slab\u0103, iar activitatea fungicid\u0103 este variabil\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Iodoforii reunesc \u00een aceea\u015fi form\u0103 dou\u0103 propriet\u0103\u0163i esen\u0163iale \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie: activitatea detergent\u0103 (datorit\u0103 substan\u0163ei tensioactive) \u015fi puterea germicid\u0103 (datorit\u0103 iodului).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Iodoforii sunt utiliza\u0163i \u00een principal pentru dezinfec\u0163ia m\u00e2inilor: exemplu povidone-iodine (PVP-1), prepara\u0163i ca detergen\u0163i sau „perii chirurgicale”. Ace\u015ftia con\u0163in 7,5% PVP-1 (echivalent cu 0,7% iod activ) \u015fi sunt eficien\u0163i pentru acest scop. Preparatele alcoolice care con\u0163in 10% PVP-1 (1% iod activ) se folosesc pentru preg\u0103tirea pre-operatorie a pielii, la locul inciziei.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Unii iodofori se pot folosi pentru dezinfec\u0163ia mediului, dar sunt scumpi nefiind recomanda\u0163i pentru dezinfec\u0163ia general\u0103 din spital.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea PVP<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Poate determina irita\u0163ii locale. Dup\u0103 expunere, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103. Trebuie evitat contactul prelungit cu pielea.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Poate determina irita\u0163ii moderate, dar nu v\u0103t\u0103m\u0103ri serioase.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nu necesit\u0103 protec\u0163ie special\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestie:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestia unei cantit\u0103\u0163i mari de povidone-iodine poate produce disconfort la nivelul gurii, g\u00e2tului, tractului respirator.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Precau\u0163ii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contraindicat pentru persoanele care prezint\u0103 hipersensibilitate sau alergie la iod. Poate afecta func\u0163ia tiroidian\u0103, dup\u0103 aplicare prelungit\u0103 \u015fi \u00een exces.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R36 – irit\u0103 ochii;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S26 – la contactul cu ochii, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.3.<\/b> COMPU\u015eI CUATERNARI DE AMONIU: CLORURA DE BENZALKONIUM, CLORURA DE DIDECILDIMETILAMONIU, CETRIMIDE<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu (SCA) sunt tensioactivi cationici \u015fi prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele propriet\u0103\u0163i: sunt detergen\u0163i \u015fi emulsionan\u0163i, netoxici la concentra\u0163iile de utilizare, solubili \u00een ap\u0103 \u015fi alcool, prezint\u0103 stabilitate, nu au miros \u015fi nu p\u0103teaz\u0103. Caracteristic\u0103 pentru s\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu este formarea unei pelicule dup\u0103 aplicarea pe un substrat, pelicul\u0103 ce formeaz\u0103 un film de substan\u0163\u0103, care conserv\u0103 activitatea antibacterian\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu se folosesc \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie sau antisepsie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu se pot prezenta sub form\u0103 de solu\u0163ii apoase, solu\u0163ii alcoolice \u015fi alte diferite asocieri. Asocierile care exist\u0103 la ora actual\u0103 sunt multiple \u015fi pot fi realizate cu: clorhexidin\u0103, dezinfectan\u0163i din alte clase \u015fi amestecuri de SCA. Ele au rol \u00een poten\u0163area activit\u0103\u0163ii SCA \u015fi realizarea unui sinergism de ac\u0163iune.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu prezint\u0103 activitate bactericid\u0103, selectiv fungicid\u0103 \u015fi virulicid\u0103 pe virusurile lipofilice. \u00cen general, nu prezint\u0103 activitate tuberculocid\u0103 sau sporicid\u0103 \u015fi prezint\u0103 o activitate slab\u0103 asupra virusurilor hidrofilice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ac\u0163iunea virulicid\u0103 este realizat\u0103 de concentra\u0163ii mai mari de 1%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Activitatea bactericid\u0103 este mai mare fa\u0163\u0103 de germenii Gram-pozitivi, dec\u00e2t fa\u0163\u0103 de cei Gram-negativi. Aceast\u0103 activitate cre\u015fte odat\u0103 cu ridicarea temperaturii \u015fi este mai pronun\u0163at\u0103 \u00een mediu alcalin. Substan\u0163ele organice reduc activitatea bactericid\u0103 a SCA. Sunt inactivate de: compu\u015fi anionici (s\u0103punuri, detergen\u0163i) \u015fi compu\u015fi tensioactivi nonionici.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea s\u0103rurilor cuaternare de amoniu<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu sunt iritante pentru piele, ochi \u015fi mucoase. Ac\u0163iunea iritant\u0103 este condi\u0163ionat\u0103 de concentra\u0163ie. \u00cen solu\u0163ii diluate, \u00een urma studiilor efectuate s-a demonstrat c\u0103 sunt practic lipsite de toxicitate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile cuaternare de amoniu au simbolul de toxicitate: „Xn” – moderat toxic.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R36 – irit\u0103 ochii;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S24\/25 – evitarea contactului cu ochii \u015fi pielea;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S36\/37\/39 – \u00een timpul lucrului este necesar portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie adecvat, m\u0103nu\u015fi \u015fi ochelari de protec\u0163ie;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S26 – dup\u0103 contactul cu ochii, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.4.<\/b> CLORHEXIDINA<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Clorhexidina face parte din clasa biguanidelor \u015fi se prezint\u0103 sub form\u0103 de s\u0103ruri. Cele mai folosite s\u0103ruri de clorhexidin\u0103 sunt acetatul de clorhexidin\u0103 sau gluconatul de clorhexidin\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este recomandat\u0103 \u00een antisepsie \u015fi \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie, dar este folosit\u0103 \u00een special pentru dezinfec\u0163ia igienic\u0103 \u015fi chirurgical\u0103 a m\u00e2inilor, deoarece prezint\u0103 o activitate rezidual\u0103 dup\u0103 aplicare. Se folose\u015fte \u015fi pentru dezinfec\u0163ia preoperatorie a pielii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfectantele pe baz\u0103 de clorhexidin\u0103 prezint\u0103 activitate: bactericid\u0103, fungicid\u0103 \u015fi virulicid\u0103 asupra virusurilor lipofilice. Clorhexidina nu are activitate tuberculocid\u0103 \u015fi sporicid\u0103. Activitatea bactericid\u0103 este mai mare asupra germenilor Gram-pozitivi, dec\u00e2t asupra celor Gram-negativi.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Clorhexidina este mai activ\u0103 la un pH neutru sau slab alcalin, cu activitate bactericid\u0103 optim\u0103 la pH = – 8. Activitatea sa este redus\u0103 de prezen\u0163a materiilor organice. Este incompatibil\u0103 cu compu\u015fii anionici: organici (s\u0103punuri \u015fi detergen\u0163i sintetici tensioactivi) \u015fi anorganici (clorur\u0103, sulfat, carbonat, nitrat, etc.).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S\u0103rurile de clorhexidin\u0103 sunt moderat solubile \u015fi se recomand\u0103 a fi folosite sub form\u0103 de solu\u0163ii apoase sau alcoolice (70% etanol sau isopropanol), sau \u00een combina\u0163ie cu cetrimide.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Deoarece solu\u0163iile preparate cu ap\u0103 de robinet prezint\u0103 riscul unei contamin\u0103ri, \u00een special cu Ps. aeruginosa \u015fi riscul form\u0103rii unor s\u0103ruri insolubile inactive, se prefer\u0103 solu\u0163iile apoase preparate cu ap\u0103 distilat\u0103 steril\u0103, sau solu\u0163iile alcoolice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Gluconatul de clorhexidin\u0103 \u00een concentra\u0163ie de 0,5% \u00een solu\u0163ie alcoolic\u0103 (70%) se folose\u015fte pentru dezinfec\u0163ia preoperatorie a pielii, iar \u00een concentra\u0163ie de 0,05% \u00een solu\u0163ie apoas\u0103 se folose\u015fte pentru dezinfec\u0163ia r\u0103nilor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea Clorhexidinei<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nu este iritant\u0103 la contactul cu pielea, dar ocazional, poate provoca sensibilizarea pielii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Poate cauza irita\u0163ii ale conjunctivei, la concentra\u0163ii > 0,1%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nu necesit\u0103 protec\u0163ie special\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestie:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestia unei cantit\u0103\u0163i de clorhexidin\u0103 poate cauza disconfort sau irita\u0163ii la nivelul tractului gastro-intestinal.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S25 – a se evita contactul cu ochii;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.5.<\/b> HEXACHLOROPHENE<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Acest compus este foarte activ \u00eempotriva microorganismelor Gram-pozitive \u015fi mai pu\u0163in eficient \u00eempotriva celor Gram-negative. Este relativ insolubil \u00een ap\u0103 \u015fi poate fi incorporat \u00een s\u0103pun sau \u00een solu\u0163ii de detergent, f\u0103r\u0103 a-\u015fi pierde activitatea. Are un bun efect rezidual pe piele. Solu\u0163iile sunt predispuse la contaminare cu bacterii Gram-negative, dac\u0103 nu se includ \u00een formul\u0103 substan\u0163e conservante. Emulsiile, sau alte preparate cu clorhexidin\u0103, c\u00e2nd sunt folosite repetat \u015fi pe por\u0163iuni mari pe suprafa\u0163a corpului la copii, pot determina producerea de concentra\u0163ii sanguine neurotoxice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> De\u015fi foarte eficient, acest produs este folosit rareori \u00een spital, pentru dezinfec\u0163ia pielii \u015fi nu trebuie utilizat dec\u00e2t cu aviz medical. Poate fi folosit pentru sp\u0103larea m\u00e2inilor \u00een cursul epidemiilor cu stafilococ, sau pentru dezinfec\u0163ia chirurgical\u0103 a m\u00e2inilor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> C\u00e2nd se folose\u015fte pudra de hexachlorophene pentru plaga bontului ombilical la nou n\u0103scu\u0163i, nu se ating nivele toxice. Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103, care s-a demonstrat a fi foarte eficient\u0103 \u00een controlul infec\u0163iei stafilococice, mai poate fi considerat\u0103 a avea un rol practic \u00een spital.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.6.<\/b> TRICLOSAN<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Triclosanul se prezint\u0103 sub form\u0103 de pudr\u0103 cu miros u\u015for aromat. Este solubil \u00een numero\u015fi solven\u0163i organici \u015fi agen\u0163i de suprafa\u0163\u0103, pu\u0163in solubil \u00een ap\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aceast\u0103 substan\u0163\u0103 este folosit\u0103 \u00een special la fabricarea s\u0103punurilor dezodorizante, deodoran\u0163ilor corporali \u015fi produselor pentru \u00eengrijirea m\u00e2inilor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este un agent antimicrobian eficace, cu un spectru de ac\u0163iune larg asupra bacteriilor Gram-pozitive \u015fi Gram-negative, ciupercilor \u015fi levurilor. Efectul antimicrobian poate fi m\u0103rit sau diminuat prin \u00eencorporarea unor adjuvan\u0163i, de aceea, fiecare produs trebuie testat individual \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte spectrul de ac\u0163iune biocid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Concentra\u0163iile \u00een uz sunt cuprinse \u00eentre 0,3-2,0%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea Triclosanului<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Triclosanul este practic netoxic, prezent\u00e2nd o bun\u0103 toleran\u0163\u0103 cutanat\u0103, dac\u0103 se utilizeaz\u0103 \u00een concentra\u0163iile recomandate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Triclosanul are simbolul de toxicitate: „Xi” – iritant.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R36\/38 – irit\u0103 pielea \u015fi ochii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S26 – dup\u0103 contactul cu ochii, se spal\u0103 cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103 \u015fi se consult\u0103 medicul.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.7.<\/b> ALCOOLII<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cei mai uzuali alcooli utiliza\u0163i \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie \u015fi antisepsie sunt: alcoolul etilic \u015fi alcoolul izopropilic. Ace\u015ftia nu trebuie utiliza\u0163i \u00een stare pur\u0103, ci \u00een solu\u0163ie apoas\u0103, deoarece: apa este necesar\u0103 pentru ca alcoolul s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi absorbit de suprafa\u0163a celulei microbiene, iar alcoolul pur sau concentra\u0163iile foarte \u00eenalte determin\u0103 fenomene de coagulare la nivelul celulei, form\u00e2nd astfel o barier\u0103 de protec\u0163ie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Concentra\u0163iile optime cu efect biocid sunt de 30-50% pentru alcoolul izopropilic \u015fi 50-70% pentru alcoolul etilic. Alcoolul izopropilic se poate folosi \u015fi \u00een concentra\u0163ii mai mari, fiind u\u015for mai activ dec\u00e2t alcoolul etilic \u015fi mai pu\u0163in coroziv pentru obiectele metalice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Alcoolii prezint\u0103 activitate: bactericid\u0103, tuberculocid\u0103, fungicid\u0103, virulicid\u0103. Activitatea antiviral\u0103 este variabil\u0103, iar la virusurile f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eenveli\u015f (ex. virusul polio) apare o tendin\u0163\u0103 de rezisten\u0163\u0103, mai ales la izopropanol. Nu au activitate sporicid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Alcoolii se folosesc \u00een dezinfec\u0163ie \u015fi antisepsie. Ca dezinfectant, se utilizeaz\u0103 pentru dezinfec\u0163ia suprafe\u0163elor, instrumentelor, cum ar fi: termometre orale \u015fi rectale, stetoscoape, laringoscoape, iar \u00een combina\u0163ie cu alte substan\u0163e active, se pot folosi pentru decontaminarea instrumentarului chirurgical. Dac\u0103 obiectele sunt contaminate cu s\u00e2nge sau secre\u0163ii, se recomand\u0103 o cur\u0103\u0163are prealabil\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se pot utiliza ca antiseptice pentru piele (m\u00e2ini), \u00eenainte de efectuarea injec\u0163iilor (alcool etilic 70%, alcool izopropilic 60%), iar \u00een combina\u0163ie cu clorhexidina, povidone-iodine, triclosan se utilizeaz\u0103 pentru dezinfec\u0163ia m\u00e2inilor, av\u00e2nd o ac\u0163iune rezidual\u0103 pe piele.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Au o putere de cur\u0103\u0163are crescut\u0103, sunt buni solven\u0163i \u015fi se evapor\u0103 rapid l\u0103s\u00e2nd echipamentul uscat. Dezavantaje utiliz\u0103rii lor pentru dezinfec\u0163ia materialului spitalicesc se pot enumera: puterea sc\u0103zut\u0103 de penetrare, lipsa activit\u0103\u0163ii sporicide, inflamabilitatea, incompatibilitatea cu anumite lentile ale endoscoapelor, tendin\u0163a de a distruge \u015fi a decolora cauciucul \u015fi anumite materiale plastice, mai ales dup\u0103 folosire prelungit\u0103 \u015fi repetat\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea alcoolilor<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Alcoolii nu sunt considera\u0163i ca av\u00e2nd un risc toxic important.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen concentra\u0163ii mari, sau la un timp mare de expunere, alcoolii prezint\u0103 efect narcotic asupra sistemului nervos. Expunerea la concentra\u0163ii cuprinse \u00eentre 5000 ppm – 10000 ppm produce irita\u0163ii ale ochilor \u015fi mucoasei tractului respirator superior. Concentra\u0163ii mai mici de 1000 ppm nu determin\u0103 apari\u0163ia intoxica\u0163iei. Expunerea la o concentra\u0163ie mai mare de 1000 ppm poate determina apari\u0163ia cefaleei \u015fi irita\u0163ii ale ochilor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Alcoolii au simbolul de toxicitate: „F” – inflamabil.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R11 – u\u015for inflamabil;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S7 – recipientul trebuie \u00eenchis ermetic;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S16 – s\u0103 fie \u0163inut departe de sursele de aprindere, nu se fumeaz\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.8.<\/b> ALDEHIDE: FORMALDEHIDA, GLUTARALDEHIDA, SUCCINDIALDEHIDA<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aldehidele sunt utilizate \u00een mediul spitalicesc pentru dezinfec\u0163ia de nivel \u00eenalt \u015fi ca sterilizante.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.8.1.<\/b> Formaldehida se utilizeaz\u0103 ca dezinfectant \u015fi sterilizant, \u00een ambele forme: lichid\u0103 \u015fi gazoas\u0103. Preparatele clasice de solu\u0163ii de formaldehid\u0103 sunt: formaldehida apoas\u0103 (37% formaldehid\u0103), formaldehida alcoolic\u0103 (4,5% formaldehid\u0103) \u015fi formaldehida \u00een combina\u0163ie cu detergen\u0163i anionici, cationici \u015fi nonionici (4,2% formaldehid\u0103). De\u015fi formaldehida alcoolic\u0103 este sterilizant chimic, iar formaldehida apoas\u0103 este un dezinfectant de nivel \u00eenalt, folosirea lor \u00een spitale este limitat\u0103, datorit\u0103 vaporilor iritan\u0163i \u015fi mirosului degajat care apare chiar la concentra\u0163ii sc\u0103zute \u00een mediu (<1 ppm).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> La ora actual\u0103 dezinfectantele moderne pe baz\u0103 de formaldehid\u0103 au \u00een compozi\u0163ie \u015fi alte substan\u0163e active (glutaraldehida, succindialdehida, s\u0103ruri cuaternare, fenoli) cu scopul reducerii propor\u0163iei de formaldehid\u0103 sub limita de sensibilizare, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163ind eficacitatea \u015fi caracteristicile produsului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Formaldehida este agentul antimicrobian cu cel mai larg spectru de ac\u0163iune biocid\u0103: bactericid, tuberculocid, fungicid, virulicid \u015fi sporicid. Prezen\u0163a materialului organic nu influen\u0163eaz\u0103 activitatea biocid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Formaldehida se poate folosi \u00een spitale pentru dezinfec\u0163ia suprafe\u0163elor, instrumentarului chirurgical, lenjeriei, excre\u0163iilor \u015fi la formolizarea \u00eenc\u0103perilor. Pentru folosirea ca sterilizant sunt necesare concentra\u0163ii \u015fi timpi de expunere mai mari. Totodat\u0103 este folosit\u0103 la prepararea vaccinurilor virale, ca agent de \u00eemb\u0103ls\u0103mare \u015fi conservare \u00een anatomia patologic\u0103. Solu\u0163iile de formaldehid\u0103 sunt corozive pentru majoritatea metalelor, cu excep\u0163ia o\u0163elului inoxidabil \u015fi aluminiului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Formaldehida este un agent toxic \u015fi, \u00een consecin\u0163\u0103, este controlat\u0103 prin reglement\u0103ri interna\u0163ionale, exist\u00e2nd limite ale nivelelor de vapori admisibili \u00een aer. Totodat\u0103 este considerat\u0103 ca un poten\u0163ial agent mutagen, carcinogen, teratogen. Datorit\u0103 acestor motive, utilizarea formaldehidei TREBUIE limitat\u0103 \u00een mediul spitalicesc, numai \u00een zonele cu risc \u00eenalt de contaminare (spa\u0163ii de spitalizare pentru eliminatori de BK, laboratoare pentru diagnosticul microbiologic al tuberculozei, etc). Nu se recomand\u0103 utilizarea dezinfectantelor pe baz\u0103 de formaldehid\u0103 \u00een prezen\u0163a bolnavilor \u00een ariile de cazare (\u00een sec\u0163iile de pediatrie, nou-n\u0103scu\u0163i), \u015fi zonele de preparare a m\u00e2nc\u0103rii, personalul sanitar fiind protejat \u00eempotriva expunerii la vaporii de formaldehid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea Formaldehidei<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ac\u0163iunea toxic\u0103 sistemic\u0103 a formaldehidei se exercit\u0103 \u00een special asupra sistemului nervos, pe care \u00eel deprim\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Proiec\u0163ia cutanat\u0103 a unei solu\u0163ii \u00een concentra\u0163ie 1% provoac\u0103 iritarea pielii. Solu\u0163iile concentrate sunt caustice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Proiec\u0163ia ocular\u0103 a unei solu\u0163ii diluate 0,2% produce o senza\u0163ie de usturime, efect lacrimogen \u015fi hiperemie conjunctival\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Percep\u0163ia olfactiv\u0103 variaz\u0103 de la un individ la altul. Mirosul este perceput la concentra\u0163ii \u00eentre 0,1 – 1 ppm. Este suspect\u0103 de a produce cancer nazal.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Limita minim\u0103 de expunere, TLV-STEL pentru 15 minute este de 0,3 ppm.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestie:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestia solu\u0163iilor diluate provoac\u0103 irita\u0163ia mucoasei buco-faringo-esofagiene.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Doza letal\u0103 este la ingestia 10-20 ml formol.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Formaldehida are poten\u0163ial mutagen, cancerigen, teratogen.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Formaldehid\u0103 are simbolul de toxicitate: „T” – toxic, otr\u0103vitor. Solu\u0163iile de formaldehid\u0103 cu concentra\u0163ii cuprinse \u00eentre <1% \u015fi <25% au simbolul de toxicitate: „Xn” – nociv, moderat toxic.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 23\/24\/25: otr\u0103vitor prin inhalare, \u00eenghi\u0163ire \u015fi contact cu pielea;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 34: provoac\u0103 arsuri;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 40: leziuni ireversibile posibile;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 43: sensibilizare posibil\u0103 prin contact cu pielea.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 26 – \u00een caz de contact cu ochii, sp\u0103la\u0163i cu ap\u0103 din abunden\u0163\u0103 \u015fi consulta\u0163i medicul;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 36\/37 – a se purta echipament de protec\u0163ie, m\u0103nu\u015fi de protec\u0163ie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.8.2.<\/b> Glutaraldehida este utilizat\u0103 pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 \u00een unit\u0103\u0163ile sanitare, ca dezinfectant de nivel \u00eenalt \u015fi ca sterilizant chimic, sub form\u0103 de solu\u0163ii apoase.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Din punct de vedere chimic este o dialdehid\u0103 saturat\u0103, reactiv\u0103, care polimerizeaz\u0103 \u00een prezen\u0163a apei. Solu\u0163iile apoase de glutaraldehid\u0103 sunt acide. Solu\u0163iile acide sunt mai stabile \u015fi nu necesit\u0103 activare, dar sunt corozive. Deoarece au, \u00een general, un efect sporicid sc\u0103zut, utilizarea acestor solu\u0163ii trebuie limitat\u0103. Activitatea poate fi \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163it\u0103 prin asigurarea unei temperaturi de 50-60\u00b0C, dar, \u00een acest caz, exist\u0103 riscul cre\u015fterii emisiei de vapori toxici.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Solu\u0163iile acide de glutaraldehid\u0103 pot fi activate la form\u0103 alcalin\u0103, la pH 7,5-8,5, deoarece aceast\u0103 form\u0103 este mai activ\u0103, dar este mai pu\u0163in stabil\u0103. Odat\u0103 activate, aceste solu\u0163ii sunt stabile numai 14-28 zile, datorit\u0103 polimeriz\u0103rii moleculelor de glutaraldehid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Glutaraldehid\u0103 prezint\u0103 un spectru larg de ac\u0163iune biocid\u0103: bactericid, fungicid, tuberculocid, virulicid \u015fi lent sporicid. Deoarece activitatea sporicid\u0103 se instaleaz\u0103 lent, este necesar un timp de contact de cel pu\u0163in 3 ore. Activitatea biocid\u0103 nu este influen\u0163at\u0103 de prezen\u0163a materialului organic.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfectantele comercializate pot fi numai pe baz\u0103 de glutaraldehid\u0103, sau combina\u0163ii de glutaraldehid\u0103 cu alte substan\u0163e active, care se folosesc ca dezinfectante de nivel \u00eenalt, sau ca sterilizan\u0163i chimici, \u00een func\u0163ie de concentra\u0163ie \u015fi timpul de ac\u0163iune.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Glutaraldehid\u0103 \u00een concentra\u0163ie de 2% este folosit\u0103 pentru sterilizarea chimic\u0103 a articolelor, obiectelor \u015fi echipamentelor medicale care sunt sensibile la c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u015fi nu pot fi sterilizate prin autoclavare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ca dezinfectant de nivel \u00eenalt se folose\u015fte pentru echipamentul medical termosensibil, cum ar fi: endoscoape flexibile, echipament de terapie respiratorie, dializoare, echipament de anestezie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Utilizarea solu\u0163iilor pe baz\u0103 de glutaraldehid\u0103 \u00een acest scop este preferabil\u0103 altor dezinfectante, datorit\u0103 avantajelor sale, care includ: propriet\u0103\u0163i biocide excelente, activitate p\u0103strat\u0103 \u00een prezen\u0163a materiilor organice, ac\u0163iune necoroziv\u0103 asupra echipamentului endoscopic, sticlei, echipamentului din cauciuc sau plastic.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Glutaraldehida nu trebuie s\u0103 se foloseasc\u0103 pentru dezinfec\u0163ia suprafe\u0163elor non-critice, deoarece este toxic\u0103 \u015fi neeficient\u0103 din punct de vedere al costului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este necesar\u0103 monitorizarea concentra\u0163iilor de glutaraldehid\u0103 \u00een camerele unde se efectueaz\u0103 dezinfec\u0163ia\/sterilizarea, pentru a se evita expunerea profesional\u0103 a lucr\u0103torilor peste nivelele limite admise \u00een aer. Procesarea echipamentului se face \u00een camere bine ventilate, \u00een cuve acoperite etan\u015f, evit\u00e2ndu-se stropirea. Glutaraldehida este clasificat\u0103 ca fiind o substan\u0163\u0103 toxic\u0103, teratogen\u0103 \u015fi mutagen\u0103, care poate afecta ADN-ul celular. Este suspectat\u0103 ca fiind cancerigen\u0103, este iritant\u0103 \u015fi sensibilizant\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea glutaraldehidei<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103 poate determina apari\u0163ia pruritului, cu \u00eenro\u015fire local\u0103, de la forme u\u015foare, la moderate. Contactul prelungit poate duce la apari\u0163ia dermatitelor. Singurul efect semnalat \u00een caz de expunere repetat\u0103 este apari\u0163ia eczemelor alergice. Determin\u0103 sensibilizarea pielii, provoc\u00e2nd dermatita alergic\u0103 de contact.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen caz de contact accidental cu ochii, substan\u0163a poate produce conjunctivit\u0103. Vaporii pot determina senza\u0163ii de usturime \u015fi \u00eenro\u015firea conjunctivei.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Poate duce la apari\u0163ia sensibiliz\u0103rii. Vaporii sunt iritan\u0163i pentru tractul respirator, cauz\u00e2nd senza\u0163ii de usturime ale nasului \u015fi g\u00e2tului, posibil epistaxis, tuse, dificultate \u00een respira\u0163ie \u015fi cefalee. Prin inhalarea vaporilor pot s\u0103 apar\u0103 simptome de astm \u015fi se pot agrava astmul \u015fi bolile cronice pulmonare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Valoarea limit\u0103 de expunere (TLV) permis\u0103 \u00een aer \u00een locurile de munc\u0103 corespunde unei concentra\u0163ii de 0,2 ppm sau 0,8 mg.\/m.c. Studiile recente arat\u0103 c\u0103 valoarea limit\u0103 de expunere la o scurt\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp TLV-STEL pentru 15 minute este 0,05 ppm, iar pentru 8 ore de lucru TLV-TWA este de 0,02 ppm.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestie<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Poate produce irita\u0163ii, u\u015foare p\u00e2n\u0103 la moderate, sau arsuri chimice ale cavit\u0103\u0163ii bucale, g\u00e2tului \u015fi stomacului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Glutaraldehida are poten\u0163ial mutagen, cancerigen, teratogen.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Glutaraldehida are simbolul de toxicitate: „Xn” – moderat toxic (nociv).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 20\/22: v\u0103t\u0103m\u0103tor s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii prin inhalare \u015fi \u00eenghi\u0163ire;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 36\/37\/38: irit\u0103 ochii, c\u0103ile respiratorii \u015fi pielea;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 42\/43: sensibilizare posibil\u0103 prin contact cu pielea \u015fi inhalare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 26: dup\u0103 contactul cu ochii, sp\u0103lare abundent\u0103 cu ap\u0103 \u015fi consultarea medicului;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 27: hainele murd\u0103rite sau udate se dezbrac\u0103 imediat;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 36\/37\/39: \u00een timpul lucrului este necesar portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie m\u0103nu\u015fi, ochelari \u015fi masc\u0103 de protec\u0163ie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.9.<\/b> PEROXIDUL DE HIDROGEN \u015eI COMPU\u015eII \u00ceNRUDI\u0162I<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Peroxidul de hidrogen se poate folosi \u00een unit\u0103\u0163ile sanitare ca dezinfectant \u015fi antiseptic, \u00een diferite concentra\u0163ii, \u00een concentra\u0163ie de 3%, se folose\u015fte ca antiseptic \u015fi pentru dezinfec\u0163ia de rutin\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Peroxidul de hidrogen stabilizat, \u00een concentra\u0163ie de 6%, este considerat ca dezinfectant de nivel \u00eenalt. Se poate utiliza pentru dezinfec\u0163ia aparatelor pentru m\u0103surarea tensiunii, lentilelor de contact, ventilatoarelor \u015fi endoscoapelor. Totu\u015fi, datorit\u0103 propriet\u0103\u0163ilor sale oxidante, poate coroda anumite componente ale endoscoapelor \u015fi aparatelor pentru m\u0103surarea tensiunii. S-a demonstrat c\u0103 peroxidul de hidrogen este un iritant chimic \u015fi a fost implicat \u00een apari\u0163ia colitelor \u015fi enteritelor, \u00een urma utiliz\u0103rii endoscoapelor dezinfectate cu peroxid de hidrogen 3%. De aceea, utilizarea lui este limitat\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Peroxidul de hidrogen prezint\u0103 un larg spectru de ac\u0163iune biocid\u0103: bactericid\u0103, tuberculocid\u0103, fungicid\u0103, virulicid\u0103, sporicid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Toxicitatea peroxidului de hidrogen<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu pielea:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103 poate produce prurit, cu \u00eenro\u015fire local\u0103, de la u\u015foar\u0103 la sever\u0103, \u00een func\u0163ie de concentra\u0163ia substan\u0163ei. Solu\u0163iile concentrate pot produce flictene ale pielii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Contactul cu ochii:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen caz de contact accidental cu ochii, substan\u0163a produce irita\u0163ii. Vaporii pot cauza senza\u0163ii de usturime \u015fi \u00eenro\u015firea conjunctivei.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalare:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Inhalarea vaporilor de peroxid de hidrogen provoac\u0103 irita\u0163ia c\u0103ilor aeriene.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestie:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ingestia solu\u0163iei provoac\u0103 stomatit\u0103, esofagit\u0103, faringit\u0103 \u015fi gastrit\u0103 acut\u0103 coroziv\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Peroxidul de hidrogen are simbolul de toxicitate: „C” – coroziv.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de periculozitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> R 34: provoac\u0103 arsuri.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele fraze de securitate:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 28.1: la contactul cu pielea, sp\u0103lare abundent\u0103 cu ap\u0103;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> S 39: \u00een timpul lucrului este necesar portul echipamentului de protec\u0163ie: ochelari \u015fi masc\u0103 de protec\u0163ie;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.10.<\/b> CHLOROXYLENOL<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aceste substan\u0163e sunt neiritante, dar sunt repede inactivate de substan\u0163e organice \u015fi de apa tare \u015fi necesit\u0103 o concentra\u0163ie de utilizare crescut\u0103 (2,5-5%). Cloroxylenolii sunt eficien\u0163i \u00eempotriva bacteriilor Gram-pozitive, dar au o activitate slab\u0103 asupra celor Gram-negative. Adaosul unui agent chelator (EDTA) cre\u015fte activitatea cloroxylenolilor \u00eempotriva bacililor Gram-negativi.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.2.11.<\/b> AL\u0162I COMPU\u015eI ANTIMICROBIENI<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Gama celorla\u0163i produ\u015fi antimicrobieni este mare. Printre ace\u015ftia se num\u0103r\u0103 coloran\u0163ii: acridinul \u015fi trifenil-metanul (cristal violet \u015fi verde briliant), care au fost folosi\u0163i intensiv ca antiseptice \u015fi dezinfectante pentru pl\u0103gi.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Azotatul de argint \u015fi al\u0163i compu\u015fi de argint (ex. sulfadiazine de argint) ocup\u0103 un loc valoros ca antiseptic \u00een profilaxia infec\u0163iilor sau toaleta arsurilor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a08-hidroxi-chinolina<\/b> este eficient\u0103 ca fungicid.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Compu\u015fii de mercur au efect slab bactericid, dar sunt puternic bacteriostatici.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nitratul mercuric de fenil – conservant eficient pentru solu\u0163iile oftalmice.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.3.<\/b> ANTISEPTICE<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.3.1.<\/b> Antisepticele sunt preparate ce de\u0163in propriet\u0103\u0163i antimicrobiene limitate, sau care distrug microorganismele, sau inactiveaz\u0103 virusurile de pe \u0163esuturile vii (piele s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103, mucoase, pl\u0103gi). Antisepticele nu sunt sterilizante, dar reduc temporar de pe piele \u015fi mucoase num\u0103rul de microorganisme. Antisepticele se deosebesc de dezinfectante prin:<\/p>\n – concentra\u0163ia de utilizare a substan\u0163ei chimice<\/p>\n – timpul de contact.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Utilizarea antisepticelor pentru a elimina, distruge sau inactiva microorganismele prezente pe piele sau mucoase permite:<\/p>\n – realizarea \u00eengrijirilor aseptice,<\/p>\n – reducerea transmiterii germenilor, de la bolnav la bolnav, prin intermediul m\u00e2inilor,<\/p>\n – tratarea infec\u0163iilor locale cutanate \u015fi mucoase.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.3.2<\/b> Reguli de utilizare<\/p>\n – Respectarea duratei de utilizare a produsului dup\u0103 deschiderea lui, 8-10 zile, dac\u0103 flaconul a fost bine \u00eenchis.<\/p>\n – Respectarea indica\u0163iilor de utilizare \u015fi a prescrip\u0163iilor produc\u0103torului (concentra\u0163ii).<\/p>\n – A se evita amestecul \u015fi\/sau, utilizarea succesiv\u0103 a antisepticelor din clase chimice diferite\/incompatibile (risc de inactivare sau toxic).<\/p>\n – Respectarea termenului de valabilitate.<\/p>\n – Limitarea cantit\u0103\u0163ii de antiseptic stocat\u0103 pe sec\u0163ii sau \u00een cabinete.<\/p>\n – Folosirea, de preferin\u0163\u0103, a antisepticelor condi\u0163ionate\/ambalate \u00een cantit\u0103\u0163i mici.<\/p>\n – Stocarea antisepticelor la ad\u0103post de lumin\u0103\/c\u0103ldur\u0103\/surs\u0103 de foc, mai ales \u00een cazul produselor inflamabile.<\/p>\n – Notarea pe flacon a datei c\u00e2nd acesta a fost deschis.<\/p>\n – \u00cenchiderea flaconului dup\u0103 fiecare manipulare.<\/p>\n – Manipularea cu perecau\u0163ie a flaconului cu antiseptic pentru a evita contaminarea con\u0163inutului.<\/p>\n – Preg\u0103tirea solu\u0163iilor de antiseptice \u00een condi\u0163ii riguroase de antisepsie, cu utilizare extemporanee.<\/p>\n – \u00cen cazul neutiliz\u0103rii antisepticului \u00een flaconul original, reparti\u0163ia lui se face \u00een flacoane curate \u015fi dezinfectate, prin tehnici aseptice. Se consemneaz\u0103 opera\u0163iunea \u00eentr-un caiet de eviden\u0163\u0103: denumirea \u015fi seria\/lotul produsului repartizat, data c\u00e2nd a fost repartizat, num\u0103r de flacoane, cine a executat. Se eticheteaz\u0103 flacoanele: denumirea produsului, concentra\u0163ia, data c\u00e2nd a fost repartizat, termen de valabilitate, instruc\u0163iuni de utilizare.<\/p>\n – Nu se completeaz\u0103 flaconul par\u0163ial gol aflat \u00een uz cu cantitate nou\u0103 de produs.<\/p>\n – NU este permis\u0103 utilizarea de recipiente goale de la produse alimentare sau de la produse dezinfectante pentru produsele antiseptice!<\/p>\n – Pentru produsele la care produc\u0103torul recomand\u0103 realizarea dilu\u0163iilor \u00een ap\u0103, se va utiliza exclusiv apa steril\u0103. Nu este permis\u0103 utilizarea apei de la robinet. Dilu\u0163iile de antiseptic se realizeaz\u0103 doar imediat \u00eenainte de utilizarea lor \u015fi nu se p\u0103streaz\u0103 mai mult de 24 de ore.<\/p>\n – Se recomand\u0103 utilizarea produselor condi\u0163ionate\/ambalate unitar, sterile \u015fi gata de utilizat, mai ales pentru solu\u0163ii apoase.<\/p>\n – Aplicarea antisepticului se face numai dup\u0103 sp\u0103larea, cl\u0103tirea \u015fi uscarea zonei respective.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.3.3.<\/b> Concentra\u0163ii de utilizare. Exemple.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.4.<\/b> SP\u0102LAREA M\u00c2INILOR \u015eI DEZINFEC\u0162IA PIELII<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> SP\u0102LAREA M\u00c2INILOR ESTE CEA MAI IMPORTANT\u0102 PROCEDUR\u0102 PENTRU PREVENIREA INFEC\u0162IILOR NOSOCOMIALE<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.4.1.<\/b> Sp\u0103larea simpl\u0103 a m\u00e2inilor este definit\u0103 ca fiind frecarea viguroas\u0103 a m\u00e2inilor, una de ala, pe toate suprafe\u0163ele, dup\u0103 prealabil\u0103 umezire \u015fi s\u0103punire.<\/p>\n – se efectueaz\u0103 cu ap\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103pun simplu<\/p>\n – se pot utiliza \u015fi s\u0103punul antiseptic cu activitate bactericid\u0103, detergen\u0163i sau alte produse de sp\u0103lare ce con\u0163in substan\u0163e antimicrobiene; timpul de contact: 30 secunde – 1 minut.<\/p>\n – scopul: reducerea florei tranzitorii de pe piele<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.4.2.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia m\u00e2inilor<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.4.2.1.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia igienic\u0103 a m\u00e2inilor<\/p>\n – se face dup\u0103 sp\u0103lare \u015fi uscare prealabil\u0103, cu cantitatea de antiseptic necesar\u0103, recomandat\u0103 de produc\u0103tor<\/p>\n – timpul de contact: 30 secunde – 1 minut.<\/p>\n – numai \u00een caz de contaminare masiv\u0103 cu germeni patogeni se recomand\u0103 timpi de contact mai mari cu substan\u0163a antiseptic\u0103<\/p>\n – scopul: distrugerea microorganismelor tranzitorii existente pe piele<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.4.2.2.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia chirurgical\u0103 a m\u00e2inilor<\/p>\n – se face dup\u0103 sp\u0103lare conform procedurii de sp\u0103lare chirurgical\u0103 \u015fi uscare, dup\u0103 care:<\/p>\n – se aplic\u0103 substan\u0163a antiseptic\u0103 astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, pe toat\u0103 durata de aplicare, m\u00e2inile s\u0103 fie \u00een permanen\u0163\u0103 umezite<\/p>\n – timpul total de contact: 3 minute – 5 minute.<\/p>\n – scopul: distrugerea microorganismelor tranzitorii existente pe piele \u015fi a unui procent c\u00e2t mai mare din flora rezident\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.4.3.<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia pielii<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se aplic\u0103 antisepticul astfel:<\/p>\n \u2022 pentru suprafe\u0163ele cutanate s\u0103race \u00een glande sebacee:<\/p>\n – \u00eenainte de efectuarea injec\u0163iilor \u015fi punc\u0163iilor venoase: timp de ac\u0163iune – 15 secunde.<\/p>\n – \u00eenainte de efectuarea punc\u0163iilor articula\u0163iei, cavit\u0103\u0163ilor corpului \u015fi organelor cavitare, c\u00e2t \u015fi a micilor interven\u0163ii chirurgicale: timp de ac\u0163iune minim – 1 minut.<\/p>\n \u2022 pentru suprafe\u0163ele cutanate bogate \u00een glande sebacee:<\/p>\n – \u00eenaintea tuturor interven\u0163iilor chirurgicale se aplic\u0103 de mai multe ori pe zona care urmeaz\u0103 a fi incizat\u0103, men\u0163in\u00e2ndu-se umiditatea acesteia: timp de ac\u0163iune – minim 10 minute.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Scopul: distrugerea microorganismelor tranzitorii existente pe piele \u015fi a unui procent c\u00e2t mai mare din flora rezident\u0103.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.5.<\/b> FACTORI CARE INFLUEN\u0162EAZ\u0102 DEZINFEC\u0162IA<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Ca dezinfectante sunt recomandate numeroase substan\u0163e; este \u00eens\u0103 de re\u0163inut c\u0103 acestea apar\u0163in unui num\u0103r redus de clase chimice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Lista dezinfectantelor utilizate \u00eentr-o unitate sanitar\u0103 nu trebuie s\u0103 fie exhaustiv\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru realizarea unei dezinfec\u0163ii eficiente trebuie s\u0103 se ia \u00een considerare o serie de factori care influen\u0163eaz\u0103 dezinfec\u0163ia:<\/p>\n \u2022 Spectrul de activitate \u015fi puterea germicid\u0103 (tipul de microorganism, rezisten\u0163a microorganismelor)<\/p>\n \u2022 Num\u0103rul microorganismelor pe suportul tratat<\/p>\n \u2022 Cantitatea de material organic de pe echipamentul\/suportul de tratat<\/p>\n \u2022 Natura suportului de tratat<\/p>\n \u2022 Concentra\u0163ia substan\u0163ei dezinfectante<\/p>\n \u2022 Timpul de contact \u015fi temperatura<\/p>\n \u2022 Susceptibilitatea dezinfectan\u0163ilor chimici de a fi inactiva\u0163i: ex.: prin substan\u0163e organice, plastic, cauciuc, celuloz\u0103, ap\u0103 dur\u0103 \u015fi detergen\u0163i. De exemplu, dezinfectantele pe baz\u0103 de compu\u015fi cuaternari de amoniu sunt incompatibile cu detergen\u0163ii anionici.<\/p>\n \u2022 Tipul de activitate antimicrobian\u0103: bactericid\u0103 sau bacteriostatic\u0103. De exemplu, dezinfectantele pe baz\u0103 de compu\u015fi cuaternari de amoniu sunt numai bacteriostatice la concentra\u0163ii mici, \u00een timp ce la concentra\u0163ii \u00eenalte devin bactericide.<\/p>\n \u2022 Efectul pH-ului:<\/p>\n – Activitate optim\u0103 la pH acid: fenolii, halogenii<\/p>\n – Activitate optim\u0103 la pH alcalin: glutaraldehida, compu\u015fii cuaternari de amoniu<\/p>\n – Activitate optim\u0103 la pH neutru: clorhexidina<\/p>\n \u2022 Stabilitatea produsului ca atare sau a solu\u0163iilor de lucru: \u00een timp ce solu\u0163ia concentrat\u0103 de hipoclorit de sodiu este instabil\u0103, dicloroizocianuratul de sodiu sub form\u0103 de tablete sau granule este foarte stabil, dac\u0103 este depozitat \u00een loc uscat.<\/p>\n \u2022 Corozivitatea: hipoclori\u0163ii corodeaz\u0103 unele metale.<\/p>\n \u2022 Toxicitatea: formaldehida \u015fi glutaraldehida sunt d\u0103un\u0103toare pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate.<\/p>\n \u2022 Costul produsului<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.6.<\/b> CRITERII DE ALEGERE A DEZINFECTANTELOR<\/p>\n \u2022 Eficacitatea<\/p>\n \u2022 U\u015furin\u0163\u0103 \u00een prepararea \u015fi aplicarea solu\u0163iilor \u015fi \u00een stocarea substan\u0163elor \u015fi produselor<\/p>\n \u2022 Economicitatea<\/p>\n \u2022 Lipsa corozivit\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi a efectelor distructive<\/p>\n \u2022 Cunoa\u015fterea toxicit\u0103\u0163ii dezinfectantelor \u00een condi\u0163iile de utilizare \u015fi a m\u0103surilor de protec\u0163ie recomandate<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.7.<\/b> REGULI GENERALE DE PRACTIC\u0102 A DEZINFEC\u0162IEI<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia profilactic\u0103 completeaz\u0103 cur\u0103\u0163enia, dar nu o supline\u015fte \u015fi nu poate \u00eenlocui sterilizarea.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Eficien\u0163a dezinfec\u0163iei profilactice este condi\u0163ionat\u0103 de o riguroas\u0103 cur\u0103\u0163enie prealabil\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru dezinfec\u0163ia \u00een focar se utilizeaz\u0103 dezinfectante cu ac\u0163iune asupra agentului patogen incriminat, sau presupus. Dezinfec\u0163ia se practic\u0103 \u00eenainte de instituirea m\u0103surilor de cur\u0103\u0163enie.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Trebuie utilizate numai dezinfectante avizate de Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii\/Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii \u015fi Familiei.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen dezinfec\u0163ia chimic\u0103 trebuie utilizate dezinfectante cu spectru de ac\u0163iune bactericid\u0103 (\u015fi\/sau tuberculocid\u0103), virulicid\u0103, fungicid\u0103 \u015fi\/sau sporicid\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen func\u0163ie de riscul de apari\u0163ie a infec\u0163iilor, trebuie alese dezinfectantele care ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 specific asupra agen\u0163ilor patogeni incrimina\u0163i.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se recomand\u0103 periodic alternan\u0163a produselor dezinfectante, pentru a se evita apari\u0163ia rezisten\u0163ei microorganismelor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfectantele trebuie folosite la concentra\u0163iile de utilizare \u015fi timpii de ac\u0163iune recomanda\u0163i de produc\u0103tor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Se recomand\u0103 utilizarea de cuve cu capac \u015fi gr\u0103tar pentru dezinfec\u0163ia instrumentarului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> La prepararea \u015fi utilizarea solu\u0163iilor dezinfectante sunt necesare:<\/p>\n – cunoa\u015fterea exact\u0103 a concentra\u0163iei substan\u0163ei active \u00een produse, prin determin\u0103ri periodice de laborator (acolo unde este posibil)<\/p>\n – folosirea de recipiente curate,<\/p>\n – utilizarea solu\u0163iilor de lucru \u00een ziua prepar\u0103rii, pentru a se evita contaminarea \u015fi degradarea – inactivarea lor<\/p>\n – utilizarea solu\u0163iilor de lucru \u00een cadrul perioadei de stabilitate indicate de produc\u0103tor<\/p>\n – controlul chimic \u015fi bacteriologic, prin sondaj al solu\u0163iilor dezinfectante \u00een curs de utilizare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Utilizarea dezinfectantelor se face respect\u00e2nd normele de protec\u0163ie a muncii, care s\u0103 previn\u0103 accidentele \u015fi intoxica\u0163iile.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Instruirea personalului cu privire la utilizarea dezinfectantelor. Personalul care utilizeaz\u0103 \u00een mod curent dezinfectantele trebuie instruit cu privire la noile proceduri, sau noile produse. Personalul cu experien\u0163\u0103 din cadrul SPCIN trebuie s\u0103 ofere informa\u0163ii cu caracter practic \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte utilizarea dezinfectantelor chimice. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Procesarea corect\u0103 a instrumentarului \u015fi echipamentelor medicale \u00eenainte\/dup\u0103 utilizare, are o deosebit\u0103 importan\u0163\u0103 \u00een prevenirea infec\u0163iilor nosocomiale. Alegerea metodei de dezinfec\u0163ie \u015fi\/sau sterilizare trebuie s\u0103 \u0163in\u0103 cont de categoria de instrumentar \u015fi de modul \u00een care acesta este folosit \u00een asisten\u0163a acordat\u0103 pacien\u0163ilor.<\/p>\n Cele\u00a0trei\u00a0categorii\u00a0sunt:\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0instrumente\u00a0critice Clasificarea instrumentelor \u015fi dispozitivelor\/echipamentelor medicale \u00een cele trei categorii a fost corelat\u0103 cu clasificarea procedurilor de procesare, adaptat\u0103 dup\u0103 APIC.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.8.1.<\/b> Instrumente critice:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Instrumentele care vin \u00een contact cu \u0163esuturile sterile sau sistemul vascular;<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sunt instrumente care penetreaz\u0103 pielea sau mucoasele<\/p>\n – Necesit\u0103 STERILIZARE \u00eentre utiliz\u0103ri.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Procesul de sterilizare utilizat trebuie s\u0103 respecte strict recomand\u0103rile produc\u0103torului aparaturii de sterilizare, atunci c\u00e2nd se folosesc aparatele de sterilizare, sau timpul de contact recomandat de produc\u0103tor, atunci c\u00e2nd se utilizeaz\u0103 sterilizan\u0163i chimici (ex.: glutaraldehid\u0103 2%, peroxid de hidrogen stabilizat 6%, acid peracetic \u00een diferite concentra\u0163ii), \u00eenainte de sterilizare acestea trebuie dezinfectate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.8.2.<\/b> Instrumente semi-critice:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sunt instrumente care vin \u00een contact cu mucoasele, cu excep\u0163ia mucoasei periodontale, sau cu solu\u0163ii de continuitate ale pielii.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Exemple:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0a)<\/b> endoscoape flexibile, laringoscoape, tuburi endotraheale, echipament de anestezie \u015fi respira\u0163ie asistat\u0103.<\/p>\n – Necesit\u0103 STERILIZARE, sau cel pu\u0163in DEZINFEC\u0162IE DE NIVEL \u00ceNALT, \u00eentre utiliz\u0103ri<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0b)<\/b> termometre orale sau rectale \u015fi<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0c)<\/b> suprafe\u0163e netede, dure (c\u0103zi de hidroterapie).<\/p>\n – Necesit\u0103 DEZINFEC\u0162IE DE NIVEL INTERMEDIAR \u00eentre utiliz\u0103ri<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.8.3.<\/b> Instrumente non-critice:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Sunt instrumente care vin \u00een contact doar cu pielea intact\u0103.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Exemple:<\/p>\n – stetoscoape, suprafa\u0163a meselor, pavimente, plo\u015fti, mobilier, etc.<\/p>\n – Necesit\u0103 DEZINFEC\u0162IA DE NIVEL INTERMEDIAR p\u00e2n\u0103 la SC\u0102ZUT, \u00eentre utiliz\u0103ri.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.9.<\/b> EVALUAREA RISCURILOR PENTRU PACIEN\u0162I\/PERSONAL, DATORATE ECHIPAMENTULUI \u015eI MEDIULUI.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Echipamentele, obiectele, pot fi implicate \u00een transmiterea agen\u0163ilor patogeni din mediul de spital la pacien\u0163i, put\u00e2nd favoriza apari\u0163ia infec\u0163iilor nosocomiale. Echipamentele \u015fi obiectele din mediul de spital sunt clasificate pe patru nivele de risc, \u00een func\u0163ie de tipul de contact cu pacientul (\u00een unele cazuri cu personalul); acest mod de abordare faciliteaz\u0103 alegerea tipului adecvat de procesare, \u00een func\u0163ie de diversele aplica\u0163ii ale echipamentelor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.9.1.<\/b> Risc minim<\/p>\n – Obiecte la distan\u0163\u0103 de persoane (pacient, personal): pere\u0163i, pardoseli, tavane, chiuvete, canale de scurgere.<\/p>\n – Obiecte \u00een imediata apropiere a pacientului: arm\u0103tura paturilor, dul\u0103pioare, etc.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nivel necesar de decontaminare: cur\u0103\u0163are, uscare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.9.2.<\/b> Risc sc\u0103zut<\/p>\n – Obiecte \u00een contact cu suprafa\u0163a pielii intacte: stetoscop, man\u015feta tensiometrului, tac\u00e2muri, vesel\u0103, telefoane mobile, ligheane \u015fi alte obiecte sanitare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nivel de decontaminare: cur\u0103\u0163are, uscare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.9.3.<\/b> Risc mediu<\/p>\n – Obiecte \u00een contact cu mucoasele: termometre, echipament de asistare respiratorie, gastroscoape, bronhoscoape;<\/p>\n – Obiecte contaminate cu microorganisme virulente: plo\u015fti, bazinete, etc.;<\/p>\n – Obiecte folosite la pacien\u0163i cu grad \u00eenalt de receptivitate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nivel de decontaminare: dezinfec\u0163ie de nivel \u00eenalt, sterilizare chimic\u0103<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.9.4.<\/b> Risc \u00eenalt<\/p>\n – Obiecte \u00een contact cu solu\u0163ii de continuitate ale pielii sau cu mucoasele: pansamente<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Obiecte care se introduc \u00een locuri normal sterile ale organismului: ace, instrumente chirurgicale, implante, catetere urinare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nivel de decontaminare: sterilizare<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.10.<\/b> REGULI GENERALE \u00ceN ALEGEREA PROCEDURILOR DE DEZINFEC\u0162IE \u015eI STERILIZARE<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen general, instrumentele care penetreaz\u0103 \u0163esuturile normal sterile, inclusiv sistemul vascular (instrumente critice), precum \u015fi instrumentele prin care curge s\u00e2nge, trebuie sterilizate \u00eenainte de utilizare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Instrumentele reutilizabile, sau alte obiecte care vin \u00een contact cu mucoasele intacte trebuie s\u0103 fie sterilizate sau dezinfectate prin dezinfec\u0163ie de „nivel \u00eenalt” \u00eenainte de reutilizare.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Instrumentele medicale care necesit\u0103 sterilizare sau dezinfec\u0163ie trebuie s\u0103 fie cur\u0103\u0163ate (pre-dezinfec\u0163ie) cu aten\u0163ie, pentru a reduce gradul de \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tur\u0103 cu materie organic\u0103, \u00eenainte de a fi supuse dezinfec\u0163iei cu substan\u0163e germicide. Trebuie respectate at\u00e2t instruc\u0163iunile produc\u0103torilor de substan\u0163e germicide, c\u00e2t \u015fi ale celor care produc instrumentele medicale.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este important\u0103 starea de cur\u0103\u0163enie a pere\u0163ilor, pardoselilor sau altor suprafe\u0163e din mediu. Cur\u0103\u0163enia \u015fi \u00eendep\u0103rtarea murd\u0103riei trebuie s\u0103 fie o activitate de rutin\u0103. O aten\u0163ie deosebit\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 se acorde suprafe\u0163elor de lucru: suprafe\u0163ele pe care se preg\u0103tesc tratamentele injectabile, separate de cele pentru depozitarea probelor bilogice prelevate pentru laborator, trebuie s\u0103 fie curate \u015fi dezinfectate, pentru evitarea transmiterii germenilor ce recunosc drept cale de transmitere s\u00e2ngele (virusurile hepatitice B \u015fi C, HIV, etc.).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfectantele care sunt aprobate ca „dezinfectante de spital” \u015fi care sunt tuberculicide sau virulicide, folosite \u00een concentra\u0163ia de utilizare \u015fi timpul de contact recomandat, sunt recomandate pentru decontaminarea petelor con\u0163in\u00e2nd s\u00e2nge sau alte fluide ale organismului care con\u0163in sau nu s\u00e2nge, dup\u0103 cum urmeaz\u0103:<\/p>\n – \u00een zonele \u00een care pacien\u0163ii primesc \u00eengrijiri medicale, pe suprafe\u0163ele vizibil contaminate cu s\u00e2nge \u015fi\/sau alte fluide biologice, se toarn\u0103 dezinfectantul adecvat pentru a \u00eenmuia \u015fi distruge eventualii agen\u0163i patogeni, se las\u0103 un timp de contact, apoi se cur\u0103\u0163\u0103 \u015fi se dezinfectez\u0103 chimic;<\/p>\n – suprafe\u0163ele din laborator, contaminate cu culturi microbiene sau cu alte substan\u0163e care pot con\u0163ine concentra\u0163ii ridicate de agen\u0163i infec\u0163io\u015fi, trebuie inactivate cu substan\u0163e germicide lichide (decontaminate), \u00eenainte de cur\u0103\u0163are; dup\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rtarea materialului organic, dezinfec\u0163ia se face cu solu\u0163ii proaspete de germicide chimice.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen toate situa\u0163iile \u00een care se realizeaz\u0103 procedurile de cur\u0103\u0163enie \u015fi de decontaminare este obligatoriu portul m\u0103nu\u015filor.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru dezinfec\u0163ia obiectelor sau instrumentelor critice, care penetreaz\u0103 \u0163esuturile sau sistemul vascular, sau semi-critice, care vin \u00een contact cu mucoasele, sau cu solu\u0163ii de continuitate ale pielii, nu se utilizeaz\u0103 substan\u0163e germicide pe baz\u0103 de s\u0103ruri cuaternare de amoniu, sau alte dezinfectante „de nivel sc\u0103zut”.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru cur\u0103\u0163area suprafe\u0163elor din mediu, sau a obiectelor \u015fi instrumentelor non-critice, nu se utilizeaz\u0103 glutaraldehida sau alte dezinfectante „de nivel \u00eenalt”.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este necesar s\u0103 se foloseasc\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna concentra\u0163iile corecte de utilizare ale dezinfectantului \u015fi s\u0103 se respecte timpul de contact recomandat. Uneori, dezinfectantele \u00een concentra\u0163ii mari nu inactiveaz\u0103 microorganismele \u015fi pot fi toxice pentru cel care le utilizeaz\u0103, sau pot deteriora obiectul care trebuie dezinfectat.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Endoscoapele \u015fi alte instrumente semi-critice trebuie cur\u0103\u0163ate, dezinfectate, sterilizate ca \u015fi c\u00e2nd pacien\u0163ii pentru care au fost folosite ar fi infecta\u0163i cu M. tuberculosis, HIV sau virusuri heparitice. (PRECAU\u0162IUNILE UNIVERSALE)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Nu se utilizeaz\u0103 dezinfectan\u0163ii fenolici pentru igienizarea incubatoarelor \u00een sec\u0163iile de nou-n\u0103scu\u0163i \u00een prezen\u0163a acestora; c\u00e2nd sunt utiliza\u0163i la cur\u0103\u0163enia \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia terminal\u0103 \u00een sec\u0163iile de nou-n\u0103scu\u0163i este necesar ca toate suprafe\u0163ele s\u0103 fie bine cl\u0103tite cu ap\u0103 \u015fi apoi uscate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Este obligatorie utilizarea echipamentului de protec\u0163ie \u015fi respectarea recomand\u0103rilor privind siguran\u0163a manipul\u0103rii. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Vezi „Ghidul privind cur\u0103\u0163enia, dezinfec\u0163ia \u015fi sterilizarea \u00een unit\u0103\u0163ile de asisten\u0163\u0103 medical\u0103”, elaborat de Institutul de S\u0103n\u0103tate Public\u0103 Bucure\u015fti<\/p>\n *) \u00cen cazul \u00een care dezinfectantul se aplic\u0103 prin pulverizare se va utiliza cantitatea certificat\u0103 de c\u0103tre produc\u0103tor de a fi utilizat\u0103 pentru un metru p\u0103trat la timpii recomanda\u0163i \u2022 Dezinfec\u0163ia terminal\u0103 este obligatoriu de efectuat \u00een:<\/p>\n – sec\u0163ii de spitalizare a cazurilor de boli contagioase cu declarare nominal\u0103,<\/p>\n – situa\u0163ia evolu\u0163iei unor focare de infec\u0163ii nosocomiale,<\/p>\n – situa\u0163ii de risc epidemiologic (eviden\u0163ierea cu ajutorul laboratorului a circula\u0163iei microorganismelor multirezistente, „germeni de spital”, prezen\u0163i la personalul medico-sanitar\/asista\u0163i\/mediu)<\/p>\n – sec\u0163ii cu risc \u00eenalt: sec\u0163ii unde sunt asista\u0163i pacien\u0163i imunodeprima\u0163i, ar\u015fi, neonatologie, prematuri, sec\u0163ii unde se practic\u0103 grefe (de m\u0103duv\u0103, cardiace, renale), sec\u0163ii de oncologie \u015fi onco-hematologie<\/p>\n – bloc operator, bloc de na\u015fteri<\/p>\n – sec\u0163ii de reanimare, terapie intensiv\u0103<\/p>\n – alte: servicii de urgen\u0163\u0103, ambulan\u0163\u0103, locul unde se triaz\u0103 lenjeria<\/p>\n – orice alt\u0103 situa\u0163ie de risc epidemiologic identificat\u0103<\/p>\n \u2022 Microorganisme care pot genera un risc de infec\u0163ie:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Aspergillus spp. – \u00een sec\u0163iile cu pacien\u0163i cu risc \u00eenalt (aplazie medular\u0103, imuno-depresie, etc.)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Candida spp.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Salmonella (typhi, paratyphi)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Streptococcus grup A<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Infec\u0163ii cu germeni multirezisten\u0163i: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas cepacia<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Klebsiella sau alte enterobacteriaceae secretoare de (beta)-lactamaz\u0103<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Staphylococcus aureus (rezistent la meticilin\u0103)<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/p>\n \u2022 \u00cen dezinfec\u0163ia terminal\u0103 (eliminatori de BK) pot fi utilizate dezinfectante pe baz\u0103 de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103; este de preferat utilizarea altor produse dezinfectante pe care le recomand\u0103 ca atare produc\u0103torul.<\/p>\n \u2022 Metode folosite \u00een dezinfec\u0163ia cu aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103, atunci c\u00e2nd aceasta se impune stringent<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0a)<\/b> pulverizare<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0b)<\/b> vaporizare<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0a)<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia prin pulverizare este o metod\u0103 comod\u0103 \u015fi u\u015for de aplicat, dar mai pu\u0163in eficient\u0103. Pentru a realiza o pulverizare corespunz\u0103toare, cu acoperirea complet\u0103 \u015fi uniform\u0103 a suprafe\u0163elor, trebuie respectate urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n – etan\u015feizarea \u00eenc\u0103perilor;<\/p>\n – \u00eenc\u0103lzirea \u00eenc\u0103perilor la temperatura de 22-30\u00b0C;<\/p>\n – umiditate relativ\u0103 80% – 90%;<\/p>\n – utilizarea aparaturii de pulverizare conform recomand\u0103rilor produc\u0103torului, cu respectarea parametrilor: presiune, deschiderea duzelor, distan\u0163a fa\u0163\u0103 de suprafa\u0163a de dezinfectat;<\/p>\n – concentra\u0163ia de lucru: solu\u0163ie 2 – 5%; solu\u0163ia 2% se ob\u0163ine din aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 40% = 50 ml aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 + 950 ml ap\u0103, sau din 29% aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 = 69 ml aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 + 951 ml ap\u0103. Solu\u0163ia 5% se ob\u0163ine din aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 40% = 125 ml aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 + 875 ml ap\u0103, sau din 29% aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 = 172 ml aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 + 828 ml ap\u0103.<\/p>\n – cantitatea de solu\u0163ie se calculeaz\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de suprafa\u0163\u0103, apreciind ca necesari 40 – 60 ml\/m2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n – timpul de contact 6-24 ore.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0b)<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia prin vaporizare<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru vaporizarea aldehidei formice se folosesc aparate speciale, cu respectarea strict\u0103 a instruc\u0163iunilor de utilizare. Pentru evitarea riscurilor este interzis\u0103 folosirea aparaturii defecte sau improvizate.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Efectuarea vaporiz\u0103rilor implic\u0103 urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n – stabilirea cubajului \u00eenc\u0103perii de dezinfectat<\/p>\n – etan\u015feizarea u\u015filor \u015fi ferestrelor<\/p>\n – acoperirea prizelor, protejarea sau \u00eendep\u0103rtarea aparaturii electronice<\/p>\n – a\u015fezarea saltelelor \u015fi pernelor suspendat sau oblic, evitarea supra\u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii cu materiale<\/p>\n – preg\u0103tirea aparaturii pentru vaporizare conform recomand\u0103rilor produc\u0103torului. Aparatul este amplasat \u00een exterior, \u0163eava de ie\u015fire a vaporilor se introduce prin orificiul cheii. Aparatul se men\u0163ine \u00een func\u0163iune p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd se evapor\u0103 cantitatea de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 corespunz\u0103toare. Se retrage \u0163eava, se astup\u0103 orificiul \u015fi \u00eenc\u0103perea r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00eencuiat\u0103 \u015fi supravegheat\u0103 timp de 6 – 24 ore.<\/p>\n – Se instituie toate m\u0103surile de precau\u0163ie pentru evitarea riscului de incendiu \u015fi a intoxica\u0163iilor<\/p>\n – \u00cenc\u0103perile trebuie s\u0103 fie \u00eenc\u0103lzite (\u00een perioadele reci), temperatura indicat\u0103 20-30\u00b0C<\/p>\n – Dup\u0103 trecerea timpului necesar de ac\u0163iune se deschid ferestrele \u015fi u\u015file \u015fi se las\u0103 s\u0103 se aeriseasc\u0103 2-4 ore, dup\u0103 neutralizarea vaporilor restan\u0163i.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru neutralizarea vaporilor restan\u0163i de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 se utilizeaz\u0103 o cantitate de amoniac egal\u0103 cu jum\u0103tate din cantitatea de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 utilizat\u0103 \u015fi un timp de expunere de 3 ore.<\/p>\n – Opera\u0163iunile de dezinfec\u0163ie se efectueaz\u0103 numai de personal instruit, supravegheat.<\/p>\n – Concentra\u0163ia de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103: 3-10 g\/m3<\/sup>, umiditate relativ\u0103 80%.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cantitatea de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 necesar\u0103 se calculeaz\u0103 astfel:<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Pentru a calcula cantitatea necesar\u0103 pentru dezinfec\u0163ia unei \u00eenc\u0103peri, valoarea X se \u00eenmul\u0163e\u015fte cu num\u0103rul de m3<\/sup> corespunz\u0103tori \u00eenc\u0103perii. Aprecierea necesarului de concentra\u0163ie \u00een aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 se face \u00een func\u0163ie de num\u0103rul \u015fi volumul obiectelor care absorb vapori de formol din \u00eenc\u0103pere.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Cantitatea de aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103 se amestec\u0103 cu ap\u0103 \u00een propor\u0163ie de 1:4, dup\u0103 care se introduce \u00een aparatul de formolizare, proced\u00e2nd \u00een continuare conform indica\u0163iilor de utilizare ale produc\u0103torului.<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> Dezinfec\u0163ia prin vaporizare se efectueaz\u0103, pentru cazarmament, efecte, \u00een camere speciale de formolizare (descamere).<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b> \u00cen aceste camere se efectueaz\u0103 dezinfec\u0163ia saltelelor (cu excep\u0163ia celor din latex expandat), pernelor, pledurilor, halatelor din molton, etc. cu o concentra\u0163ie de 8 – 15 g\/m3<\/sup> aldehid\u0103 formic\u0103.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.13<\/b> Dezinfectante – Exemple<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" privind cur\u0103\u0163enia \u015fi dezinfec\u0163ia \u00een unit\u0103\u0163ile sanitare Publicat in Monitorul Oficial, Partea I nr. 194bis din 26\/03\/2003 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a01. CUR\u0102\u0162ENIA \u00a0\u00a0\u00a01.1. DEFINI\u0162IE \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CUR\u0102\u0162ENIA este metoda de decontaminare care asigur\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rtarea … Citeste mai departe …<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,9],"tags":[22,23],"class_list":["post-52","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-curatenie-dezinfectie","category-norme","tag-curatenie","tag-dezinfectie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78,"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52\/revisions\/78"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfam.ro\/medlex\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.<\/b> DEZINFEC\u0162IA PRIN MIJLOACE CHIMICE<\/p>\n\n\n
\n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Domeniul\u00a0de\u00a0utilizare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0Timp\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0CLORUL\u00a0ACTIV\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502ac\u0163iune\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0%\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502mg\/1\u00a0(ppm)\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0general\u0103\u00a0a\u00a0suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25025-10′\u00a0\u00a0\u25020,10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25021000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0murdare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250210-15′\u00a0\u25020,40-1,2\u25024000-12000\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Instrumentar\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0ustensile\u00a0din\u00a0o\u0163el\u00a0inoxidabil\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250210′\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25020,05\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502500\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Instrumentar\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0ustensile\u00a0din\u00a0o\u0163el\u00a0inoxidabil\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250230-60′\u00a0\u25020,9-3,8\u00a0\u25029000-38000\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502murdare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Pipete,\u00a0ustensile\u00a0de\u00a0laborator\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0recipiente\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u250210′\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25020,25\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25022500\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502laborator\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0(HIV,\u00a0virusurile\u00a0hepatitice)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250220′\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25021,0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250210000\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0ce\u00a0se\u00a0adreseaz\u0103\u00a0contamin\u0103rilor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250230-60′\u00a0\u25022,5-3,8\u00a0\u250225000-38000\u2502
\n\u2502virale,\u00a0pe\u00a0suporturi\u00a0cu\u00a0\u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tura\u00a0organic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502masiv\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Biberoane\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0tetine;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u250210′\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25020,0125\u00a0\u00a0\u2502125\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Zone\u00a0de\u00a0preparare\u00a0a\u00a0m\u00e2nc\u0103rii\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2022\u00a0Alcooli:\u00a0–\u00a0alcool\u00a0etilic\u00a0(50-70%);
\n–\u00a0alcool\u00a0izopropilic\u00a0(30-50%)
\n\u2022\u00a0Clorura\u00a0de\u00a0benzalkonium:
\n–\u00a0piele\u00a0intact\u0103:\u00a0solu\u0163ie\u00a0alcoolic\u0103\u00a00,1-0,2%
\n–\u00a0pe\u00a0r\u0103ni:\u00a0solu\u0163ie\u00a0apoas\u0103\u00a00,1-0,2%
\n–\u00a0\u00een\u00a0obstetric\u0103:\u00a00,05-0,10%
\n–\u00a0solu\u0163ii\u00a0oftalmice:\u00a00,01%
\n–\u00a0instila\u0163ii\u00a0vezic\u0103\u00a0urinar\u0103\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0uretr\u0103:\u00a00,005%
\n\u2022\u00a0Clorhexidina:
\n–\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0pielii:\u00a00,05%\u00a0+\u00a0cetrimide\u00a00,5%
\n–\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0preoperatorie\u00a0a\u00a0pielii:\u00a00,5%\u00a0\u00een\u00a0alcool\u00a070%
\n–\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0r\u0103nilor:\u00a0solu\u0163ie\u00a0apoas\u0103\u00a00,05%
\n–\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0uretrei\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0lubrefiant:\u00a00,05%\u00a0\u00een\u00a0glicerol
\n–\u00a0sp\u0103laturi\u00a0vezicale:\u00a00,02%
\n–\u00a0obstetric\u0103:\u00a01%\u00a0sub\u00a0form\u0103\u00a0de\u00a0crem\u0103
\n\u2022\u00a0Iod:\u00a0solu\u0163ie\u00a01%\u00a0\u00een\u00a0etanol\u00a070%
\n\u2022\u00a0Povidone-iodine:\u00a07,5-10%
\n\u2022\u00a0Tinctura\u00a0de\u00a0iod\u00a05%
\n\u2022\u00a0Ap\u0103\u00a0oxigenat\u0103:\u00a03%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.8.<\/b> CLASIFICAREA INSTRUMENTELOR MEDICALE<\/p>\n\n\n
\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pentru ra\u0163iuni practice, instrumentele \u015fi obiectele utilizate \u00een asisten\u0163a medical\u0103 au fost clasificate \u00een trei categorii, dup\u0103 riscul de transmitere a infec\u0163iilor pe care \u00eel presupune utilizarea acestora (dup\u0103 Spaulding).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n–\u00a0instrumente\u00a0semi-critice
\n–\u00a0instrumente\u00a0non-critice.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u02d9<\/p>\n\n\n
\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Exemple:\u00a0\u00a0–\u00a0bisturie,\u00a0ace,\u00a0catetere\u00a0vasculare,\u00a0implanturi,
\n–\u00a0alt\u00a0instrumentar\u00a0chirurgical\u00a0invaziv\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u02d9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.11.<\/b> Metode de aplicare a dezinfectantelor chimice \u00een func\u0163ie de suportul tratat<\/p>\n\n\n
\n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Suportul\u00a0de\u00a0tratat\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Tipul\u00a0de\u00a0dezinfectant\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Observa\u0163ii\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015fi\u00a0Metoda\u00a0de\u00a0aplicare\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a01\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502SUPRAFE\u0162E\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0pentru\u00a0suprafe\u0163e,\u00a0cu\u00a0respectarea\u00a0concentra\u0163iilor\u00a0de\u2502
\n\u2502utilizare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0timpului\u00a0de\u00a0contact\u00a0conform\u00a0recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Pavimente\u00a0(mozaic,\u00a0ciment,\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502linoleum,\u00a0lemn,\u00a0etc.)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Pere\u0163i\u00a0(faian\u0163\u0103,\u00a0tapet\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Se\u00a0va\u00a0insista\u00a0asupra\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502lavabil,\u00a0uleia\u0163i,\u00a0etc.),\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502cur\u0103\u0163eniei\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0dezinfec\u0163iei\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502u\u015fi,\u00a0ferestre\u00a0(toc\u0103rie)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502p\u0103r\u0163ilor\u00a0superioare\u00a0ale\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502pervazurilor\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0a\u00a0altor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502suprafe\u0163e\u00a0orizontale,\u00a0precum\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015fi\u00a0ale\u00a0col\u0163urilor.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Mobilier,\u00a0inclusiv\u00a0paturi\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Cur\u0103\u0163enie\u00a0riguroas\u0103\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u015fi\u00a0noptiere\u00a0(din\u00a0lemn,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Stropire\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502metal,\u00a0plastic)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502orizontale\u00a0(partea\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502superioar\u0103\u00a0a\u00a0dulapurilor,\u00a0a\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502rafturilor,\u00a0etc.)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Mese\u00a0de\u00a0opera\u0163ie,\u00a0mese\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Cur\u0103\u0163enie\u00a0riguroas\u0103\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502instrumentar,\u00a0suprafe\u0163e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Stropire\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502pentru\u00a0preg\u0103tirea\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502orizontale.\u00a0Decontaminare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502tratamentului,\u00a0suprafe\u0163e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00eenainte\u00a0de\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are,\u00a0acolo\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502pentru\u00a0depozitarea\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502unde\u00a0este\u00a0cazul.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502temporar\u0103\u00a0a\u00a0produselor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502patologice\u00a0recoltate,\u00a0l\u0103mpi\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502scialitice,\u00a0mese\u00a0de\u00a0\u00eenf\u0103\u015fat\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Mese\u00a0de\u00a0lucru\u00a0\u00een\u00a0laborator\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Decontaminare,\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163enie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502riguroas\u0103,\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Mu\u015famale\u00a0din\u00a0cauciuc\u00a0sau\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502plastic,\u00a0colac\u00a0din\u00a0cauciuc,\u2502Imersie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502etc.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502C\u0103rucioare,\u00a0t\u0103rgi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Stropire\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502OBIECTE\u00a0SANITARE,\u00a0RECIPIENTE\u00a0DE\u00a0COLECTARE,\u00a0MATERIALE\u00a0DE\u00a0CUR\u0102\u0162ENIE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0pentru\u00a0suprafe\u0163e,\u00a0cu\u00a0respectarea\u00a0concentra\u0163iilor\u00a0de\u2502
\n\u2502utilizare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0timpului\u00a0de\u00a0contact\u00a0conform\u00a0recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502B\u0103i,\u00a0b\u0103i\u0163e\u00a0pentru\u00a0copii,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502chiuvete,\u00a0bazine\u00a0de\u00a0sp\u0103lare\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Plo\u015fti,\u00a0oli\u0163e,\u00a0urinare,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Imersie,\u00a0dup\u0103\u00a0golire\u00a0\u2502Dup\u0103\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0se\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502recipiente\u00a0pentru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015fi\u00a0sp\u0103lare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502p\u0103streaz\u0103\u00a0uscate\u00a0\u00een\u00a0camere\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502colectarea\u00a0de\u00a0produse\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502prealabil\u0103,\u00a0folosind\u00a0\u2502speciale,\u00a0pe\u00a0rastele.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502patologice\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25021\u00a0vol.\u00a0solu\u0163ie\u00a0pentru\u2502Ma\u015fini\u00a0automate,\u00a0special\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25021\u00a0vol.\u00a0recipient\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dedicate\u00a0pentru\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Grupuri\u00a0sanitare\u00a0(WC,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502bazine,\u00a0scaune\u00a0WC,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502vidoare),\u00a0gr\u0103tare\u00a0din\u00a0lemn\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502sau\u00a0plastic\u00a0pentru\u00a0b\u0103i\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502du\u015furi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Sifoane\u00a0de\u00a0pardoseal\u0103,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Aplicarea\u00a0unei\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502sifoane\u00a0de\u00a0scurgere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502cantit\u0103\u0163i\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfectant\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502G\u0103le\u0163i\u00a0pentru\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163enie,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sp\u0103lare,\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u2502Se\u00a0p\u0103streaz\u0103\u00a0uscate\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502ustensile\u00a0pentru\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163enie\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502(perii,\u00a0mop,\u00a0Teu,\u00a0lavete,\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502c\u00e2rpe,\u00a0etc)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Recipiente\u00a0pentru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sp\u0103lare,\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u2502Se\u00a0p\u0103streaz\u0103\u00a0uscate\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502colectarea\u00a0de\u015feurilor,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502pubele\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502LENJERIE\u00a0\u015eI\u00a0ECHIPAMENT\u00a0DE\u00a0PROTEC\u0162IE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0pentru\u00a0lenjerie,\u00a0cu\u00a0respectarea\u00a0concentra\u0163iilor\u00a0de\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502utilizare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0timpului\u00a0de\u00a0contact\u00a0conform\u00a0recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Lenjerie\u00a0contaminat\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00cenmuiere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Se\u00a0pot\u00a0folosi\u00a0ma\u015fini\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502(murd\u0103rit\u0103\u00a0cu\u00a0excrete,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25024\u00a0litri\u00a0solu\u0163ie\u00a0la\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502sp\u0103lat\u00a0automate\u00a0cu\u00a0program\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502produse\u00a0patologice\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25021\u00a0Kg\u00a0lenjerie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502de\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0inclus\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502lenjerie\u00a0care\u00a0provine\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502la\u00a0bolnavi\u00a0contagio\u015fi)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Alte\u00a0categorii\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sp\u0103lare\u00a0la\u00a0ma\u015fini\u00a0automate\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502cu\u00a0ciclu\u00a0termic\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0sau\u00a0fierbere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Echipament\u00a0de\u00a0protec\u0163ie\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u2502\u00cenmuiere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Se\u00a0dezinfecteaz\u0103\u00a0numai\u00a0cel\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502de\u00a0lucru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502contaminat\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u015eor\u0163uri\u00a0impermeabile\u00a0din\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502cauciuc\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0plastic\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502ZONE\u00a0DE\u00a0PREPARARE\u00a0\u015eI\u00a0DISTRIBUIRE\u00a0ALIMENTE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0recomandate\u00a0pentru\u00a0uz\u00a0\u00een\u00a0buc\u0103t\u0103rii,\u00a0oficii\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502alimentare,\u00a0dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0veselei\u00a0recipientelor,\u00a0tac\u00e2murilor,\u00a0ustensilelor,\u00a0cu\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502respectarea\u00a0concentra\u0163iilor\u00a0de\u00a0utilizare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0timpului\u00a0de\u00a0contact,\u00a0conform\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Vesel\u0103\u00a0din\u00a0sticl\u0103,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Imersie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Cl\u0103tire\u00a0insistent\u0103\u00a0dup\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502por\u0163elan,\u00a0tac\u00e2muri\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Suprafe\u0163e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Ustensile\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0vase\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sp\u0103lare\u00a0cu\u00a0solu\u0163ii\u00a0de\u2502\u00cen\u00a0epidemii,\u00a0utilizarea\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502buc\u0103t\u0103rie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502detergent\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfectante\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfectant,\u00a0produse\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502chimice\u00a0de\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are\/\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502decontaminare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502INSTRUMENTE,\u00a0ECHIPAMENTE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0pentru\u00a0instrumentar,\u00a0cu\u00a0respectarea\u00a0concentra\u0163iilor\u2502
\n\u2502de\u00a0utilizare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0timpului\u00a0de\u00a0contact,\u00a0conform\u00a0recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Termometre\u00a0(orale,\u00a0rectale)\u2502Submersie\u00a0dup\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Solu\u0163ii\u00a0dezinfectante\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502sp\u0103lare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502proaspete.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502A\u00a0nu\u00a0se\u00a0amesteca\u00a0\u00een\u00a0timpul\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502proces\u0103rii\u00a0termometrele\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502orale\u00a0cu\u00a0cele\u00a0rectale\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Incubatoare,\u00a0izolete,\u00a0m\u0103\u015fti\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Nu\u00a0se\u00a0recomand\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502de\u00a0oxigen\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfectan\u0163ii\u00a0fenolici\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Instrumente,\u00a0echipamente\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Imersie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Predezinfec\u0163ie,\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie,\u00a0cl\u0103tire,\u00a0uscare\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502CAZARMAMENT\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0pe\u00a0baz\u0103\u00a0de\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a0sau\u00a0alte\u00a0dezinfectante\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502special\u00a0destinate\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502DOAR\u00a0PENTRU\u00a0OBIECTELE\u00a0CARE\u00a0PROVIN\u00a0DE\u00a0LA\u00a0BOLNAVII\u00a0CONTAGIO\u015eI\u00a0(BK),\u00a0\u00ceN\u00a0SPA\u0162II\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502SPECIAL\u00a0AMENAJATE\u00a0\u015eI\u00a0\u00ceN\u00a0ABSEN\u0162A\u00a0ALTOR\u00a0MIJLOACE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00cen\u00a0spa\u0163ii\u00a0etan\u015feizate.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a03-5%\u2502Temperatur\u0103\u00a022-30\u00b0C.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Umiditate\u00a0relativ\u0103\u00a080%.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Expunere\u00a0minimum\u00a06\u00a0ore.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Saltele,\u00a0huse\u00a0pentru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502saltele,\u00a0perne,\u00a0paturi,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Vaporizare\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Camer\u0103\u00a0special\u0103\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502halate\u00a0din\u00a0molton,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502formic\u0103\u00a010-15g%\/m3<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502formolizare\u00a0(descamer\u0103)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00eembr\u0103c\u0103minte\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Expunere\u00a012-24\u00a0ore\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Vaporizare\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00cen\u00a0saloane\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0alte\u00a0spa\u0163ii\u00a0de\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502formic\u0103\u00a05g%\/m3<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502cazare\u00a0expunere\u00a012-24\u00a0ore.\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Temperatur\u0103\u00a022-30\u00b0C.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Umiditate\u00a0relativ\u0103\u00a080%.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502DOAR\u00a0\u00ceN\u00a0CAZURI\u00a0SPECIALE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502(ELIMINATORI\u00a0DE\u00a0BK)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502SPA\u0162II\u00a0\u00ceNCHISE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0special\u00a0destinate\u00a0dezinfec\u0163iei\u00a0suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502aerului\u00a0(conform\u00a0recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Etan\u015feizare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Temperatur\u0103\u00a022-30\u00b0C.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502S\u0103li\u00a0de\u00a0opera\u0163ie,\u00a0s\u0103li\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u25023-5%,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Umiditate\u00a0relativ\u0103\u00a080%.\u00a0SE\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502na\u015ftere,\u00a0saloane,\u00a0cabinete\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502UTILIZEAZ\u0102\u00a0DOAR\u00a0\u00ceN\u00a0SPA\u0162IILE\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502CU\u00a0ELIMINATORI\u00a0DE\u00a0BK\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Vaporizare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Aparatura\u00a0electronic\u0103\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0de\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502respira\u0163ie\u00a0este\u00a0protejat\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u25025g%\/m3<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502sau\u00a0scoas\u0103\u00a0din\u00a0spa\u0163iul\u00a0\u00een\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502care\u00a0se\u00a0face\u00a0formolizarea.\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502SE\u00a0UTILIZEAZ\u0102\u00a0DOAR\u00a0\u00ceN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502SPA\u0162IILE\u00a0CU\u00a0ELIMINATORI\u00a0DE\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502BK\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502DIVERSE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Folosirea\u00a0dezinfectantelor\u00a0pentru\u00a0suprafe\u0163e,\u00a0cu\u00a0respectarea\u00a0concentra\u0163iilor\u00a0de\u2502
\n\u2502utilizare\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0timpului\u00a0de\u00a0contact\u00a0conform\u00a0recomand\u0103rilor\u00a0produc\u0103torului\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Juc\u0103rii\u00a0din\u00a0plastic,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sp\u0103lare\u00a0cu\u00a0solu\u0163ii\u00a0de\u2502ATEN\u0162IE\u00a0CL\u0102TIRE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502cauciuc\u00a0sau\u00a0lemn\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502detergent\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfectant,\u00a0produse\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502chimice\u00a0de\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502decontaminare,\u00a0apoi\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Juc\u0103rii\u00a0din\u00a0material\u00a0textil\u2502Pulverizare*)\u00a0cu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502solu\u0163ii\u00a0dezinfectante\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Vase\u00a0de\u00a0flori\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sp\u0103lare\u00a0cu\u00a0solu\u0163ii\u00a0de\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502detergent\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfectant,\u00a0produse\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502chimice\u00a0de\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502decontaminare,\u00a0apoi\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Telefoane\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u015etergere\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Ambulan\u0163e,\u00a0mijloace\u00a0auto\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Pulverizare*\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02.3.12.<\/b> SITUA\u0162II CARE NECESIT\u0102 DEZINFEC\u0162IE COMPLEMENTAR\u0102 \u015eI\/SAU TERMINAL\u0102<\/p>\n\n\n
\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0X\u00a0=\u00a0a\u00a0x\u00a0100\/b,\u00a0unde\u00a0a\u00a0=\u00a0concentra\u0163ia\u00a0\u00een\u00a0grame\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\/m3<\/sup>\u00a0aer
\nb\u00a0=\u00a0concentra\u0163ia\u00a0\u00een\u00a0grame\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a0\u00een\u00a0formolul
\ncomercial
\nX\u00a0=\u00a0cantitatea\u00a0de\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a0\u00een\u00a0ml.
\nExemplu:\u00a0pentru\u00a0a\u00a0realiza\u00a0o\u00a0concentra\u0163ie\u00a0de\u00a05\u00a0g\/m3<\/sup>,\u00a0din\u00a0aldehid\u0103\u00a0formic\u0103\u00a037%,
\nformula\u00a0este:
\nX\u00a0=\u00a05\u00a0x\u00a0100\/37\u00a0=\u00a013,51\u00a0ml\u00a0formol\/m3<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502Clasa\u00a0chimic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Utilizare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Activitate\u2502Avantaje\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezavantaje\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Compu\u015fi\u00a0care\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Bactericid\u2502Spectru\u00a0larg\u2502Inactivate\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502elibereaz\u0103\u00a0clor:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Virulicid\u00a0\u2502Ieftine\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502de\u00a0materia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Dicloroizocianuratul\u00a0\u2502dup\u0103\u00a0cur\u0103\u0163are\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502(HIV,\u00a0HBV,\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502organic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502de\u00a0sodiu\u00a0(NaDCC)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Vesel\u0103,\u00a0biberoane\u00a0\u2502HCV)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Solu\u0163ii\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Hipoclori\u0163ii\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Obiecte\u00a0sanitare\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Fungicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502instabile\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Cloramine\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Apa\u00a0de\u00a0la\u00a0flori\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sporicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Corozive\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Iritante\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Compu\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00cen\u00a0asociere\u00a0pt.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Bactericid\u2502Slab\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Spectru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502cuaternari\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Fungicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502iritante\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502variabil\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502amoniu:\u00a0clorura\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502suprafe\u0163elor\u00a0\u015fi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Ieftine\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502la\u00a0un\u00a0produs\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502benzalkonium\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502obiectelor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502la\u00a0altul\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Clorura\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502(sinergie\u00a0cu\u00a0alte\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Inhibate\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502didecildimetilamoniu,\u2502clase\u00a0chimice)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502materia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502cetrimide\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502organic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Se\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502contamineaz\u0103\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502u\u015for\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502Aldehid\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Bactericid\u2502Spectru\u00a0larg\u2502Precipit\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502A\u2502formic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502suprafe\u0163e\u00a0obiecte,\u2502Fungicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502proteinele\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502l\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502instrumente\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Virulicid\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Inhibate\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502d\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0pe\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sporicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502materia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502e\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502cale\u00a0aerian\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502organic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502h\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sterilizare\u00a0\u00een\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Miros\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502i\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502autoclave\u00a0speciale\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502specific\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502d\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Toxic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502e\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Alergizant\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502mutagen,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502carcinogen,\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502teratogen\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502Glutaraldehida\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Bactericid\u2502Spectru\u00a0larg\u2502Fixeaz\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502instrumentelor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Fungicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Nu\u00a0este\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502proteinele\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ie\u00a0de\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Virulicid\u00a0\u2502coroziv\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Miros\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502nivel\u00a0\u00eenalt\u00a0ptr.\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Sporicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502specific\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502echipamente\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Toxic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502termosensibile\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Alergizant\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Agresiv\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502pentru\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502mucoase\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Alcoolii:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00cen\u00a0asociere\u00a0cu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Bactericid\u2502Toxicitate\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Precipit\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502Alcoml\u00a0izopropilic,\u00a0\u00a0\u2502alte\u00a0clase\u00a0chimice\u2502Fungicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502sc\u0103zut\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502proteinele\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502etilic\u00a070-90%\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Par\u0163ial\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Nu\u00a0e\u00a0coroziv\u2502Cost\u00a0ridicat\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502virulicid\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502Fenolii:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Dezinfec\u0163ia\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Bactericid\u2502Nu\u00a0e\u00a0coroziv\u2502Miros\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502suprafe\u0163elor,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Virulicid\u00a0\u2502Mai\u00a0pu\u0163in\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502caracteristic\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502instrumentelor\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Fungicid\u00a0\u00a0\u2502inactiva\u0163i\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Toxici\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502de\u00a0materia\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Caustici\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502organic\u0103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502Alergizan\u0163i\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502dec\u00e2t\u00a0alte\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502clase\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n